NOX4 serves as a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in tumorigenesis

Abstract NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is a key regulator of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. It contributes to cancer cell transformation, proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To eluci...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jiting Sun, Zhiyuan Gong, Lijie Zheng, Zhixian Ding, Lusheng Wang, Yu Tang, Shizhan Deng, Yonggan Dong, Heng Tang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09690-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849235491823550464
author Jiting Sun
Zhiyuan Gong
Lijie Zheng
Zhixian Ding
Lusheng Wang
Yu Tang
Shizhan Deng
Yonggan Dong
Heng Tang
author_facet Jiting Sun
Zhiyuan Gong
Lijie Zheng
Zhixian Ding
Lusheng Wang
Yu Tang
Shizhan Deng
Yonggan Dong
Heng Tang
author_sort Jiting Sun
collection DOAJ
description Abstract NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is a key regulator of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. It contributes to cancer cell transformation, proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying NOX4-mediated tumorigenesis, we performed a comprehensive pan-cancer bioinformatics analysis, integrating data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and validated our findings with in vitro experiments. We systematically analyzed NOX4 expression patterns across various cancer types and explored the correlations between NOX4 expression and patient survival, immune infiltration, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI). In vitro assays, including Wound healing, Transwell, and CCK-8 assays, were conducted to validate the biological functions of NOX4 in breast cancer cells. Pan-cancer analysis revealed that NOX4 is significantly upregulated in various cancers, including breast cancer. Elevated NOX4 expression is associated with poor patient prognosis, immune cell infiltration, TMB, and MSI. Functional experiments confirmed that downregulation of NOX4 can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Our pan-cancer analysis provides valuable insights into the role of NOX4 in tumorigenesis. These results highlight NOX4 as a promising biomarker for prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for anti-tumor treatments across multiple cancer types.
format Article
id doaj-art-da0e807619264116ba4fc80e3b6ae46c
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-da0e807619264116ba4fc80e3b6ae46c2025-08-20T04:02:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-09690-9NOX4 serves as a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in tumorigenesisJiting Sun0Zhiyuan Gong1Lijie Zheng2Zhixian Ding3Lusheng Wang4Yu Tang5Shizhan Deng6Yonggan Dong7Heng Tang8Central Laboratory, Wanbei Coal Electric Group General HospitalTianjin Medical UniversityCentral Laboratory, Wanbei Coal Electric Group General HospitalCentral Laboratory, Wanbei Coal Electric Group General HospitalCentral Laboratory, Wanbei Coal Electric Group General HospitalCentral Laboratory, Wanbei Coal Electric Group General HospitalCentral Laboratory, Wanbei Coal Electric Group General HospitalCentral Laboratory, Wanbei Coal Electric Group General HospitalCentral Laboratory, Wanbei Coal Electric Group General HospitalAbstract NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is a key regulator of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. It contributes to cancer cell transformation, proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying NOX4-mediated tumorigenesis, we performed a comprehensive pan-cancer bioinformatics analysis, integrating data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and validated our findings with in vitro experiments. We systematically analyzed NOX4 expression patterns across various cancer types and explored the correlations between NOX4 expression and patient survival, immune infiltration, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI). In vitro assays, including Wound healing, Transwell, and CCK-8 assays, were conducted to validate the biological functions of NOX4 in breast cancer cells. Pan-cancer analysis revealed that NOX4 is significantly upregulated in various cancers, including breast cancer. Elevated NOX4 expression is associated with poor patient prognosis, immune cell infiltration, TMB, and MSI. Functional experiments confirmed that downregulation of NOX4 can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Our pan-cancer analysis provides valuable insights into the role of NOX4 in tumorigenesis. These results highlight NOX4 as a promising biomarker for prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for anti-tumor treatments across multiple cancer types.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09690-9NADPH oxidase 4Pan-cancerPrognostic biomarkers
spellingShingle Jiting Sun
Zhiyuan Gong
Lijie Zheng
Zhixian Ding
Lusheng Wang
Yu Tang
Shizhan Deng
Yonggan Dong
Heng Tang
NOX4 serves as a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in tumorigenesis
Scientific Reports
NADPH oxidase 4
Pan-cancer
Prognostic biomarkers
title NOX4 serves as a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in tumorigenesis
title_full NOX4 serves as a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in tumorigenesis
title_fullStr NOX4 serves as a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in tumorigenesis
title_full_unstemmed NOX4 serves as a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in tumorigenesis
title_short NOX4 serves as a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in tumorigenesis
title_sort nox4 serves as a pan cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in tumorigenesis
topic NADPH oxidase 4
Pan-cancer
Prognostic biomarkers
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09690-9
work_keys_str_mv AT jitingsun nox4servesasapancancerprognosticbiomarkerandtherapeutictargetintumorigenesis
AT zhiyuangong nox4servesasapancancerprognosticbiomarkerandtherapeutictargetintumorigenesis
AT lijiezheng nox4servesasapancancerprognosticbiomarkerandtherapeutictargetintumorigenesis
AT zhixianding nox4servesasapancancerprognosticbiomarkerandtherapeutictargetintumorigenesis
AT lushengwang nox4servesasapancancerprognosticbiomarkerandtherapeutictargetintumorigenesis
AT yutang nox4servesasapancancerprognosticbiomarkerandtherapeutictargetintumorigenesis
AT shizhandeng nox4servesasapancancerprognosticbiomarkerandtherapeutictargetintumorigenesis
AT yonggandong nox4servesasapancancerprognosticbiomarkerandtherapeutictargetintumorigenesis
AT hengtang nox4servesasapancancerprognosticbiomarkerandtherapeutictargetintumorigenesis