Sideband attraction via internal resonance in a multimode membrane as a mechanism for frequency combs

We explore self-induced parametric coupling between a driven (low frequency) and an undriven (high frequency) mode, also called internal resonances, in a membrane micromechanical system. Specifically, we focus on the formation of a limit cycle (LC) manifesting as a phononic frequency comb. As the LC...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mengqi Fu, Orjan Ameye, Fan Yang, Jan Košata, Javier del Pino, Oded Zilberberg, Elke Scheer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Physical Society 2025-08-01
Series:Physical Review Research
Online Access:http://doi.org/10.1103/3mtc-j9r9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849393200639246336
author Mengqi Fu
Orjan Ameye
Fan Yang
Jan Košata
Javier del Pino
Oded Zilberberg
Elke Scheer
author_facet Mengqi Fu
Orjan Ameye
Fan Yang
Jan Košata
Javier del Pino
Oded Zilberberg
Elke Scheer
author_sort Mengqi Fu
collection DOAJ
description We explore self-induced parametric coupling between a driven (low frequency) and an undriven (high frequency) mode, also called internal resonances, in a membrane micromechanical system. Specifically, we focus on the formation of a limit cycle (LC) manifesting as a phononic frequency comb. As the LC formation involves a Hopf bifurcation, we developed a dedicated pump-noisy-probe technique to investigate which mechanical sidebands merge at the bifurcation. We reveal that the sideband of the driven lower mode is up-converted via a cross-Duffing nonlinearity to hybridize with the undriven high mode. When the up-conversion is initially red detuned relative to the high mode, significant squeezing and bimodality in the high mode occurs. Crucially, only when the up-converted sideband is initially blue detuned relative to the high mode, the sideband is attracted to the high mode and merges to form the Hopf bifurcation. This process delineates the microscopic origin of frequency comb formation. Our study reveals a key instability mechanism in driven nonlinear systems with implications for advanced sensing technologies and phononic metamaterials.
format Article
id doaj-art-d9b0e67105db4310ab9183d4580cab28
institution Kabale University
issn 2643-1564
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher American Physical Society
record_format Article
series Physical Review Research
spelling doaj-art-d9b0e67105db4310ab9183d4580cab282025-08-20T03:40:30ZengAmerican Physical SocietyPhysical Review Research2643-15642025-08-017303312710.1103/3mtc-j9r9Sideband attraction via internal resonance in a multimode membrane as a mechanism for frequency combsMengqi FuOrjan AmeyeFan YangJan KošataJavier del PinoOded ZilberbergElke ScheerWe explore self-induced parametric coupling between a driven (low frequency) and an undriven (high frequency) mode, also called internal resonances, in a membrane micromechanical system. Specifically, we focus on the formation of a limit cycle (LC) manifesting as a phononic frequency comb. As the LC formation involves a Hopf bifurcation, we developed a dedicated pump-noisy-probe technique to investigate which mechanical sidebands merge at the bifurcation. We reveal that the sideband of the driven lower mode is up-converted via a cross-Duffing nonlinearity to hybridize with the undriven high mode. When the up-conversion is initially red detuned relative to the high mode, significant squeezing and bimodality in the high mode occurs. Crucially, only when the up-converted sideband is initially blue detuned relative to the high mode, the sideband is attracted to the high mode and merges to form the Hopf bifurcation. This process delineates the microscopic origin of frequency comb formation. Our study reveals a key instability mechanism in driven nonlinear systems with implications for advanced sensing technologies and phononic metamaterials.http://doi.org/10.1103/3mtc-j9r9
spellingShingle Mengqi Fu
Orjan Ameye
Fan Yang
Jan Košata
Javier del Pino
Oded Zilberberg
Elke Scheer
Sideband attraction via internal resonance in a multimode membrane as a mechanism for frequency combs
Physical Review Research
title Sideband attraction via internal resonance in a multimode membrane as a mechanism for frequency combs
title_full Sideband attraction via internal resonance in a multimode membrane as a mechanism for frequency combs
title_fullStr Sideband attraction via internal resonance in a multimode membrane as a mechanism for frequency combs
title_full_unstemmed Sideband attraction via internal resonance in a multimode membrane as a mechanism for frequency combs
title_short Sideband attraction via internal resonance in a multimode membrane as a mechanism for frequency combs
title_sort sideband attraction via internal resonance in a multimode membrane as a mechanism for frequency combs
url http://doi.org/10.1103/3mtc-j9r9
work_keys_str_mv AT mengqifu sidebandattractionviainternalresonanceinamultimodemembraneasamechanismforfrequencycombs
AT orjanameye sidebandattractionviainternalresonanceinamultimodemembraneasamechanismforfrequencycombs
AT fanyang sidebandattractionviainternalresonanceinamultimodemembraneasamechanismforfrequencycombs
AT jankosata sidebandattractionviainternalresonanceinamultimodemembraneasamechanismforfrequencycombs
AT javierdelpino sidebandattractionviainternalresonanceinamultimodemembraneasamechanismforfrequencycombs
AT odedzilberberg sidebandattractionviainternalresonanceinamultimodemembraneasamechanismforfrequencycombs
AT elkescheer sidebandattractionviainternalresonanceinamultimodemembraneasamechanismforfrequencycombs