Design and validation of a-SiC/SiN hybrid photonic platform for integrated quantum photonics
Recent efforts in quantum photonics emphasize on-chip generation, manipulation, and detection of single photons for quantum computing and quantum communication. In quantum photonic chips, single photons are often generated using parametric down-conversion and quantum dots. Quantum dots are particula...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Materials for Quantum Technology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad7c0e |
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| author | Naresh Sharma Zizheng Li Bruno Lopez-Rodriguez Joey Vrugt Stijn van der Waal Luozhen Li Roald van der Kolk Philip J Poole Dan Dalacu Iman Esmaeil Zadeh |
| author_facet | Naresh Sharma Zizheng Li Bruno Lopez-Rodriguez Joey Vrugt Stijn van der Waal Luozhen Li Roald van der Kolk Philip J Poole Dan Dalacu Iman Esmaeil Zadeh |
| author_sort | Naresh Sharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent efforts in quantum photonics emphasize on-chip generation, manipulation, and detection of single photons for quantum computing and quantum communication. In quantum photonic chips, single photons are often generated using parametric down-conversion and quantum dots. Quantum dots are particularly attractive due to their on-demand generation of high-purity single photons. Different photonic platforms are used to manipulate the states of the photons. Nevertheless, no single platform satisfies all the requirements of quantum photonics, as each platform has its merits and shortcomings. For example, the thin-film silicon nitride (SiN) platform provides ultra-low loss on the order of 0.1 dB m ^−1 , but is incompatible with dense integration , requiring large bending radii. On the other hand, silicon on insulator offers a high refractive index contrast for dense integration but has a high absorption coefficient at the emission wavelengths (800–970 nm) of state-of-the-art QDs. Amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC) has emerged as an alternative with a high refractive index (higher than SiN), an extended transparency window compared to Silicon, and a thermo-optic coefficient three times higher than that of SiN, which is crucial for tuning photonic devices on a chip. With the vision of realizing a quantum photonic integrated circuit, we explore the hybrid integration of SiN/a-SiC photonic platform with quantum dots and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. We validate our hybrid platform using a brief literature study, proof-of-principle experiments, and complementary simulations. As a proof-of-principle, we show a quantum dot embedded in nanowires (for deterministic micro-transfer and better integration) that emits single photons at 885 nm with a purity of 0.011 and a lifetime of 0.98 ns. Furthermore, we design and simulate an adiabatic coupler between two photonic platforms, a-SiC and SiN, by aiming to use the benefits of both platforms, i.e. dense integration and low losses, respectively. Our design couples the light from SiN waveguide to a-SiC waveguide with 96% efficiency at 885 nm wavelength. Our hybrid platform can be used to demonstrate on-chip quantum experiments such as Hong–Ou–Mandel, where we can design a large optical delay line in SiN and an interference circuit in a-SiC. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d93989b753ac4d55977643adcb00a6c7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2633-4356 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials for Quantum Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d93989b753ac4d55977643adcb00a6c72025-01-20T11:32:18ZengIOP PublishingMaterials for Quantum Technology2633-43562024-01-014303540110.1088/2633-4356/ad7c0eDesign and validation of a-SiC/SiN hybrid photonic platform for integrated quantum photonicsNaresh Sharma0https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6489-8512Zizheng Li1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-8660Bruno Lopez-Rodriguez2Joey Vrugt3Stijn van der Waal4https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8663-730XLuozhen Li5https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2265-3418Roald van der Kolk6Philip J Poole7Dan Dalacu8https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-3952Iman Esmaeil Zadeh9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-2508Department of Imaging Physics (ImPhys), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 CJ, The NetherlandsDepartment of Imaging Physics (ImPhys), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 CJ, The NetherlandsDepartment of Imaging Physics (ImPhys), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 CJ, The NetherlandsDepartment of Imaging Physics (ImPhys), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 CJ, The NetherlandsDepartment of Imaging Physics (ImPhys), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 CJ, The NetherlandsDepartment of Imaging Physics (ImPhys), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 CJ, The NetherlandsDepartment of Imaging Physics (ImPhys), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 CJ, The NetherlandsNational Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, CanadaNational Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Imaging Physics (ImPhys), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 CJ, The NetherlandsRecent efforts in quantum photonics emphasize on-chip generation, manipulation, and detection of single photons for quantum computing and quantum communication. In quantum photonic chips, single photons are often generated using parametric down-conversion and quantum dots. Quantum dots are particularly attractive due to their on-demand generation of high-purity single photons. Different photonic platforms are used to manipulate the states of the photons. Nevertheless, no single platform satisfies all the requirements of quantum photonics, as each platform has its merits and shortcomings. For example, the thin-film silicon nitride (SiN) platform provides ultra-low loss on the order of 0.1 dB m ^−1 , but is incompatible with dense integration , requiring large bending radii. On the other hand, silicon on insulator offers a high refractive index contrast for dense integration but has a high absorption coefficient at the emission wavelengths (800–970 nm) of state-of-the-art QDs. Amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC) has emerged as an alternative with a high refractive index (higher than SiN), an extended transparency window compared to Silicon, and a thermo-optic coefficient three times higher than that of SiN, which is crucial for tuning photonic devices on a chip. With the vision of realizing a quantum photonic integrated circuit, we explore the hybrid integration of SiN/a-SiC photonic platform with quantum dots and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. We validate our hybrid platform using a brief literature study, proof-of-principle experiments, and complementary simulations. As a proof-of-principle, we show a quantum dot embedded in nanowires (for deterministic micro-transfer and better integration) that emits single photons at 885 nm with a purity of 0.011 and a lifetime of 0.98 ns. Furthermore, we design and simulate an adiabatic coupler between two photonic platforms, a-SiC and SiN, by aiming to use the benefits of both platforms, i.e. dense integration and low losses, respectively. Our design couples the light from SiN waveguide to a-SiC waveguide with 96% efficiency at 885 nm wavelength. Our hybrid platform can be used to demonstrate on-chip quantum experiments such as Hong–Ou–Mandel, where we can design a large optical delay line in SiN and an interference circuit in a-SiC.https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad7c0equantum dotssingle photonquantum photonic integrated circuitssuperconducting nanowire single photon detectorssilicon carbide |
| spellingShingle | Naresh Sharma Zizheng Li Bruno Lopez-Rodriguez Joey Vrugt Stijn van der Waal Luozhen Li Roald van der Kolk Philip J Poole Dan Dalacu Iman Esmaeil Zadeh Design and validation of a-SiC/SiN hybrid photonic platform for integrated quantum photonics Materials for Quantum Technology quantum dots single photon quantum photonic integrated circuits superconducting nanowire single photon detectors silicon carbide |
| title | Design and validation of a-SiC/SiN hybrid photonic platform for integrated quantum photonics |
| title_full | Design and validation of a-SiC/SiN hybrid photonic platform for integrated quantum photonics |
| title_fullStr | Design and validation of a-SiC/SiN hybrid photonic platform for integrated quantum photonics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and validation of a-SiC/SiN hybrid photonic platform for integrated quantum photonics |
| title_short | Design and validation of a-SiC/SiN hybrid photonic platform for integrated quantum photonics |
| title_sort | design and validation of a sic sin hybrid photonic platform for integrated quantum photonics |
| topic | quantum dots single photon quantum photonic integrated circuits superconducting nanowire single photon detectors silicon carbide |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad7c0e |
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