Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiota
Abstract Background Bovine mastitis is a major challenge in dairy farms. Since the agents commonly used for pre- and post-dipping can affect the udder health by modifying milk microbiota, alternative products are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the use of pre- and post-dipping for...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04483-8 |
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| author | Alessandra Gazzola Camilla Ceccarani Bianca Castiglioni Filippo Biscarini Stefano Morandi Tiziana Silvetti Renata Piccinini Milena Brasca Paola Cremonesi |
| author_facet | Alessandra Gazzola Camilla Ceccarani Bianca Castiglioni Filippo Biscarini Stefano Morandi Tiziana Silvetti Renata Piccinini Milena Brasca Paola Cremonesi |
| author_sort | Alessandra Gazzola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Bovine mastitis is a major challenge in dairy farms. Since the agents commonly used for pre- and post-dipping can affect the udder health by modifying milk microbiota, alternative products are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the use of pre- and post-dipping formulations containing the fermented broth of Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris FT27 strain (treated group, TR) on the abundance and biodiversity of milk microbiota as compared to iodine-based commercial disinfectants (control group, CTR) during a three-month trial. The experiment was conducted on 20 dairy cows, divided into two groups (CTR and TR) of 10 lactating cows each. Milk samples were collected from two selected healthy quarters of each cow at 3 time-points. Microbial communities were investigated by cultural and sequence-based methods, and analyzed through bioinformatic and statistical approaches. Results Clear differences in bacterial community composition were observed among groups, with higher species richness in TR, especially of Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, and Streptococcus genera. The microbiota was dominated by Firmicutes, followed by Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota. Staphylococcaceae family was significantly higher in TR (p < 0.009), whereas Carnobacteriaceae, Mycobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae were significantly lower (p = 0.005, p = 0.001, and p = 0.040, respectively). CTR had considerably higher abundances of the genera Alkalibacterium (p = 0.011), Pseudomonas_E (p = 0.045), Corynebacterium (p = 0.004), and Alloiococcus (p = 0.004), and lower abundances of Staphylococcus (p < 0.009). Milk microbiota changed noticeably during the experimental period, regardless of treatment. A significant decrease was observed in both groups for Firmicutes_A phylum, with an increment in Actinobacteriota phylum, Propionibacteriaceae family, and Cutibacterium genus. Streptococcaceae significantly decreased in CTR (p = 0.013) and rose in TR (p = 0.001). Several differences were observed between the two groups during the experimental period. Streptococcus genus almost disappeared in CTR (p = 0.013), whereas it significantly increased in TR (p = 0.001). Three and twelve enriched groups were significantly identified respectively in CTR and TR using LEfSe. Conclusions The use of Nisin A-based teat dip formulations could be linked to greater microbial diversity compared to commercial products. Despite the influence of seasonality, the experimental formulations maintained higher milk biodiversity, suggesting that lactic acid bacteria metabolites prevent alterations in the milk microbiota. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d87f3a19e8934dd1a800ddb636a4f81b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-d87f3a19e8934dd1a800ddb636a4f81b2025-02-02T12:29:11ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482025-01-0121111310.1186/s12917-025-04483-8Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiotaAlessandra Gazzola0Camilla Ceccarani1Bianca Castiglioni2Filippo Biscarini3Stefano Morandi4Tiziana Silvetti5Renata Piccinini6Milena Brasca7Paola Cremonesi8Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-RomagnaInstitute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), Italian National Research CouncilInstitute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Italian National Research CouncilInstitute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Italian National Research CouncilInstitute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Italian National Research CouncilInstitute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Italian National Research CouncilVeterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of MilanInstitute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Italian National Research CouncilInstitute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Italian National Research CouncilAbstract Background Bovine mastitis is a major challenge in dairy farms. Since the agents commonly used for pre- and post-dipping can affect the udder health by modifying milk microbiota, alternative products are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the use of pre- and post-dipping formulations containing the fermented broth of Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris FT27 strain (treated group, TR) on the abundance and biodiversity of milk microbiota as compared to iodine-based commercial disinfectants (control group, CTR) during a three-month trial. The experiment was conducted on 20 dairy cows, divided into two groups (CTR and TR) of 10 lactating cows each. Milk samples were collected from two selected healthy quarters of each cow at 3 time-points. Microbial communities were investigated by cultural and sequence-based methods, and analyzed through bioinformatic and statistical approaches. Results Clear differences in bacterial community composition were observed among groups, with higher species richness in TR, especially of Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, and Streptococcus genera. The microbiota was dominated by Firmicutes, followed by Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota. Staphylococcaceae family was significantly higher in TR (p < 0.009), whereas Carnobacteriaceae, Mycobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae were significantly lower (p = 0.005, p = 0.001, and p = 0.040, respectively). CTR had considerably higher abundances of the genera Alkalibacterium (p = 0.011), Pseudomonas_E (p = 0.045), Corynebacterium (p = 0.004), and Alloiococcus (p = 0.004), and lower abundances of Staphylococcus (p < 0.009). Milk microbiota changed noticeably during the experimental period, regardless of treatment. A significant decrease was observed in both groups for Firmicutes_A phylum, with an increment in Actinobacteriota phylum, Propionibacteriaceae family, and Cutibacterium genus. Streptococcaceae significantly decreased in CTR (p = 0.013) and rose in TR (p = 0.001). Several differences were observed between the two groups during the experimental period. Streptococcus genus almost disappeared in CTR (p = 0.013), whereas it significantly increased in TR (p = 0.001). Three and twelve enriched groups were significantly identified respectively in CTR and TR using LEfSe. Conclusions The use of Nisin A-based teat dip formulations could be linked to greater microbial diversity compared to commercial products. Despite the influence of seasonality, the experimental formulations maintained higher milk biodiversity, suggesting that lactic acid bacteria metabolites prevent alterations in the milk microbiota.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04483-8BacteriocinNisinCow milkMicrobiotaLactococcus cremorisTeat disinfection |
| spellingShingle | Alessandra Gazzola Camilla Ceccarani Bianca Castiglioni Filippo Biscarini Stefano Morandi Tiziana Silvetti Renata Piccinini Milena Brasca Paola Cremonesi Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiota BMC Veterinary Research Bacteriocin Nisin Cow milk Microbiota Lactococcus cremoris Teat disinfection |
| title | Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiota |
| title_full | Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiota |
| title_fullStr | Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiota |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiota |
| title_short | Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiota |
| title_sort | nisin a producing lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre and post milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiota |
| topic | Bacteriocin Nisin Cow milk Microbiota Lactococcus cremoris Teat disinfection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04483-8 |
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