A Miniaturized and High Optically Transparent Frequency Selective Surface for RF Shielding Using Double-Glazed Glass Windows for Green Building Applications
This research presents a miniaturized and high optically transparent (OT) frequency selective surface (FSS) for achieving RF shielding through glass window panels. The proposed FSS consists of a single-layered copper pattern sandwiched between two ordinary glass substrates to suppress the dual bands...
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10849559/ |
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| author | Muhammad Nasir Slawomir Koziel Adnan Iftikhar |
| author_facet | Muhammad Nasir Slawomir Koziel Adnan Iftikhar |
| author_sort | Muhammad Nasir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research presents a miniaturized and high optically transparent (OT) frequency selective surface (FSS) for achieving RF shielding through glass window panels. The proposed FSS consists of a single-layered copper pattern sandwiched between two ordinary glass substrates to suppress the dual bands of sub-6 fifth generation (5G). In particular, the design effectively shields n65-downlink (2.1 GHz) and a portion of n78-band (3.5 GHz). The unit cell (UC) design consists of square and butterfly rings with a maximum copper width of 0.1 mm. The dimensions of FSS unit cell (UC) are optimized to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.0714\lambda _{0}\times 0.07146\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the wavelength at 2.1 GHz resonant frequency. Full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations, equivalent circuit modeling (ECM), and experimental testing are performed to validate the FSS performance. The design miniaturization and 0.1 mm copper trace width offered a maximum OT of 91.6 % and angular stability up to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${85}^{^{\circ }}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized waves. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d803a6be01a64bd989ea169671dd7b5d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-d803a6be01a64bd989ea169671dd7b5d2025-01-31T00:01:00ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113180531806210.1109/ACCESS.2025.353278710849559A Miniaturized and High Optically Transparent Frequency Selective Surface for RF Shielding Using Double-Glazed Glass Windows for Green Building ApplicationsMuhammad Nasir0https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7462-7356Slawomir Koziel1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9063-2647Adnan Iftikhar2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8694-5341Engineering Optimization and Modeling Center, Reykjavik University, Reykjavík, IcelandEngineering Optimization and Modeling Center, Reykjavik University, Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, PakistanThis research presents a miniaturized and high optically transparent (OT) frequency selective surface (FSS) for achieving RF shielding through glass window panels. The proposed FSS consists of a single-layered copper pattern sandwiched between two ordinary glass substrates to suppress the dual bands of sub-6 fifth generation (5G). In particular, the design effectively shields n65-downlink (2.1 GHz) and a portion of n78-band (3.5 GHz). The unit cell (UC) design consists of square and butterfly rings with a maximum copper width of 0.1 mm. The dimensions of FSS unit cell (UC) are optimized to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.0714\lambda _{0}\times 0.07146\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the wavelength at 2.1 GHz resonant frequency. Full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations, equivalent circuit modeling (ECM), and experimental testing are performed to validate the FSS performance. The design miniaturization and 0.1 mm copper trace width offered a maximum OT of 91.6 % and angular stability up to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${85}^{^{\circ }}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized waves.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10849559/FSSoptical transparencysub-6 5 GHzordinary glass windowsshielding effectiveness |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Nasir Slawomir Koziel Adnan Iftikhar A Miniaturized and High Optically Transparent Frequency Selective Surface for RF Shielding Using Double-Glazed Glass Windows for Green Building Applications IEEE Access FSS optical transparency sub-6 5 GHz ordinary glass windows shielding effectiveness |
| title | A Miniaturized and High Optically Transparent Frequency Selective Surface for RF Shielding Using Double-Glazed Glass Windows for Green Building Applications |
| title_full | A Miniaturized and High Optically Transparent Frequency Selective Surface for RF Shielding Using Double-Glazed Glass Windows for Green Building Applications |
| title_fullStr | A Miniaturized and High Optically Transparent Frequency Selective Surface for RF Shielding Using Double-Glazed Glass Windows for Green Building Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Miniaturized and High Optically Transparent Frequency Selective Surface for RF Shielding Using Double-Glazed Glass Windows for Green Building Applications |
| title_short | A Miniaturized and High Optically Transparent Frequency Selective Surface for RF Shielding Using Double-Glazed Glass Windows for Green Building Applications |
| title_sort | miniaturized and high optically transparent frequency selective surface for rf shielding using double glazed glass windows for green building applications |
| topic | FSS optical transparency sub-6 5 GHz ordinary glass windows shielding effectiveness |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10849559/ |
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