Integrative Network Pharmacology to Evaluate Bioactive Phytochemicals of Aesculus hippocastanum and Their Multitarget Mechanisms Against Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) affects the venous system of the lower limbs, leading to pain, edema, skin anomalies, ulceration, and extended venous hypertension. Aesculus hippocastanum seed extract has been traditionally used for CVI treatment. This study aims to elucidate its mechanism of acti...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Scientifica |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/sci5/6871086 |
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