The Probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> in the Feed of Salmonids: A Strategy to Improve Reproductive Parameters

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with the probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> on the reproductive performance and offspring viability of male Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>). A total of 48 mature males were divided into three groups—Gr...

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Main Authors: Rommy Díaz, Doris Carrasco, John Quiñones, Ailín Martínez, Gastón Sepúlveda, Isabela Pérez-Núñez, Rodrigo Huaiquipán, David Cancino-Baier, Jorge F. Beltrán, Jorge G. Farías, Erwin A. Paz, Néstor Sepúlveda
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Animals
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/11/1659
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author Rommy Díaz
Doris Carrasco
John Quiñones
Ailín Martínez
Gastón Sepúlveda
Isabela Pérez-Núñez
Rodrigo Huaiquipán
David Cancino-Baier
Jorge F. Beltrán
Jorge G. Farías
Erwin A. Paz
Néstor Sepúlveda
author_facet Rommy Díaz
Doris Carrasco
John Quiñones
Ailín Martínez
Gastón Sepúlveda
Isabela Pérez-Núñez
Rodrigo Huaiquipán
David Cancino-Baier
Jorge F. Beltrán
Jorge G. Farías
Erwin A. Paz
Néstor Sepúlveda
author_sort Rommy Díaz
collection DOAJ
description This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with the probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> on the reproductive performance and offspring viability of male Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>). A total of 48 mature males were divided into three groups—Group A (control, no probiotic), Group B (60-day supplementation), and Group C (120-day supplementation). The fish were kept in 10 m<sup>3</sup> tanks at a constant temperature of 9 °C under a natural photoperiod and evaluated for multiple reproductive and physiological parameters. The results demonstrate that Group C exhibited significantly higher gonad weight, gonadosomatic index (GSI), and sperm concentration than Groups A and B. The blood biochemistry revealed reduced bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in Group C; however, values were within normal reference ranges for the species in all groups. While sperm quality parameters such as membrane integrity and motility showed no significant differences, fertility and embryo viability were significantly higher in Group C across all three developmental stages (180, 300, and 380 accumulated thermal units, ATUs). Additionally, Group C showed lower rates of embryonic malformation and mortality at later stages of development. Statistical analyses confirmed a significant interaction between treatment duration and embryo viability, with the 120-day probiotic treatment (Group C) producing the best outcomes. These findings support the hypothesis that <i>P. acidilactici</i> supplementation positively influences male reproductive parameters and improves embryo quality and survival in Atlantic salmon.
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spelling doaj-art-d7a4e4d84199445dbde55aade0e198e82025-08-20T03:10:50ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-06-011511165910.3390/ani15111659The Probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> in the Feed of Salmonids: A Strategy to Improve Reproductive ParametersRommy Díaz0Doris Carrasco1John Quiñones2Ailín Martínez3Gastón Sepúlveda4Isabela Pérez-Núñez5Rodrigo Huaiquipán6David Cancino-Baier7Jorge F. Beltrán8Jorge G. Farías9Erwin A. Paz10Néstor Sepúlveda11Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias Veterinarias y Salud Pública, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileLaboratorio de Producción Animal y Centro de Tecnología e Innovación en Calidad de la Carne (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileLaboratorio de Producción Animal y Centro de Tecnología e Innovación en Calidad de la Carne (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileLaboratorio de Producción Animal y Centro de Tecnología e Innovación en Calidad de la Carne (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileLaboratorio de Producción Animal y Centro de Tecnología e Innovación en Calidad de la Carne (CTI-Carne), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileDepartamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileDepartamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileUWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaFacultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileThis study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with the probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> on the reproductive performance and offspring viability of male Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>). A total of 48 mature males were divided into three groups—Group A (control, no probiotic), Group B (60-day supplementation), and Group C (120-day supplementation). The fish were kept in 10 m<sup>3</sup> tanks at a constant temperature of 9 °C under a natural photoperiod and evaluated for multiple reproductive and physiological parameters. The results demonstrate that Group C exhibited significantly higher gonad weight, gonadosomatic index (GSI), and sperm concentration than Groups A and B. The blood biochemistry revealed reduced bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in Group C; however, values were within normal reference ranges for the species in all groups. While sperm quality parameters such as membrane integrity and motility showed no significant differences, fertility and embryo viability were significantly higher in Group C across all three developmental stages (180, 300, and 380 accumulated thermal units, ATUs). Additionally, Group C showed lower rates of embryonic malformation and mortality at later stages of development. Statistical analyses confirmed a significant interaction between treatment duration and embryo viability, with the 120-day probiotic treatment (Group C) producing the best outcomes. These findings support the hypothesis that <i>P. acidilactici</i> supplementation positively influences male reproductive parameters and improves embryo quality and survival in Atlantic salmon.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/11/1659salmon broodstocksperm qualityfertilityprobiotics<i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i>embryo
spellingShingle Rommy Díaz
Doris Carrasco
John Quiñones
Ailín Martínez
Gastón Sepúlveda
Isabela Pérez-Núñez
Rodrigo Huaiquipán
David Cancino-Baier
Jorge F. Beltrán
Jorge G. Farías
Erwin A. Paz
Néstor Sepúlveda
The Probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> in the Feed of Salmonids: A Strategy to Improve Reproductive Parameters
Animals
salmon broodstock
sperm quality
fertility
probiotics
<i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i>
embryo
title The Probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> in the Feed of Salmonids: A Strategy to Improve Reproductive Parameters
title_full The Probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> in the Feed of Salmonids: A Strategy to Improve Reproductive Parameters
title_fullStr The Probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> in the Feed of Salmonids: A Strategy to Improve Reproductive Parameters
title_full_unstemmed The Probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> in the Feed of Salmonids: A Strategy to Improve Reproductive Parameters
title_short The Probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> in the Feed of Salmonids: A Strategy to Improve Reproductive Parameters
title_sort probiotic i pediococcus acidilactici i in the feed of salmonids a strategy to improve reproductive parameters
topic salmon broodstock
sperm quality
fertility
probiotics
<i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i>
embryo
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/11/1659
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