Effects of nitrogen fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios on maize straw decomposition, soil carbon and nitrogen, and bacterial community structure in different soil textures on the north china plain
Straw return is a recognized agricultural practice that improves soil quality, reduces reliance on chemical fertilizers, and supports sustainable agriculture. Its effectiveness is influenced by microbial changes under varying soil properties and fertilization practices. In a wheat–maize rotation sys...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1506155/full |
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| author | Jingyu Li Jingyu Li Xiaonan Yang Rui Hou Yujie Ma Yanqun Wang Yang Ma Wenchao Zhen Yuanyuan Huang Xin Fu Zhengping Peng Zhengping Peng Mingxin Men |
| author_facet | Jingyu Li Jingyu Li Xiaonan Yang Rui Hou Yujie Ma Yanqun Wang Yang Ma Wenchao Zhen Yuanyuan Huang Xin Fu Zhengping Peng Zhengping Peng Mingxin Men |
| author_sort | Jingyu Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Straw return is a recognized agricultural practice that improves soil quality, reduces reliance on chemical fertilizers, and supports sustainable agriculture. Its effectiveness is influenced by microbial changes under varying soil properties and fertilization practices. In a wheat–maize rotation system, field experiments were conducted over 2 years in loam and clay loam soils with five fertilizer (N) application treatments (i.e., no N fertilizer (N0) and N fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios of 3:7 (N3:7), 4:6 (N4:6), 5:5 (N5:5), and 6:4 (N6:4)) to investigate the dynamics of maize straw decomposition, changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations, soil bacterial diversity and abundance, and their interactions. Our results showed that the optimization of N fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios enhanced SOC and TN by accelerating maize straw decomposition and nutrient release, as well as increasing plant carbon and nitrogen inputs. At the wheat maturity stage, the decomposition rate of maize straw reached 69.48–75.04%. The N4:6 and N5:5 ratios exhibited higher decomposition rates and C and N release rates in both soil textures. Compared to N0, N application treatments increased SOC and TN concentrations by 7.90–14.17% and 7.94–33.60%, respectively. The effects were most pronounced with the N4:6 ratio in loam and the N5:5 ratio in clay loam. Both soil textures had the same dominant bacterial phyla, but species abundance differed significantly. Loam had a significantly higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria and lower relative abundances of Gemmatimonadetes, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi than clay loam. N application significantly influenced bacterial diversity, with higher diversity observed with the N4:6 ratio in loam and the N5:5 ratio in clay loam. Structural equation modeling indicated that different N application treatments in loam influenced maize straw decomposition by altering the soil C/N ratio and bacterial community diversity, while in clay loam, N application treatments influenced maize straw decomposition mainly by altering the soil C/N ratio. Overall, the N4:6 treatment in loam and the N5:5 treatment in clay loam accelerated the decomposition and nutrient release of maize straw, enhanced SOC, TN, and bacterial community abundance, and provided a scientific basis for efficient straw utilization and sustainable agricultural development in the North China Plain region. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-d78d572238a9448c835f4a7b0398433e2025-02-05T07:32:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-02-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.15061551506155Effects of nitrogen fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios on maize straw decomposition, soil carbon and nitrogen, and bacterial community structure in different soil textures on the north china plainJingyu Li0Jingyu Li1Xiaonan Yang2Rui Hou3Yujie Ma4Yanqun Wang5Yang Ma6Wenchao Zhen7Yuanyuan Huang8Xin Fu9Zhengping Peng10Zhengping Peng11Mingxin Men12National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Regulation in North China, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Land and Resources, Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Land and Resources, Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Land and Resources, Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Land and Resources, Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Land and Resources, Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Land and Resources, Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Regulation in North China, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaBiology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Land and Resources, Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Regulation in North China, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Land and Resources, Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Regulation in North China, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaStraw return is a recognized agricultural practice that improves soil quality, reduces reliance on chemical fertilizers, and supports sustainable agriculture. Its effectiveness is influenced by microbial changes under varying soil properties and fertilization practices. In a wheat–maize rotation system, field experiments were conducted over 2 years in loam and clay loam soils with five fertilizer (N) application treatments (i.e., no N fertilizer (N0) and N fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios of 3:7 (N3:7), 4:6 (N4:6), 5:5 (N5:5), and 6:4 (N6:4)) to investigate the dynamics of maize straw decomposition, changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations, soil bacterial diversity and abundance, and their interactions. Our results showed that the optimization of N fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios enhanced SOC and TN by accelerating maize straw decomposition and nutrient release, as well as increasing plant carbon and nitrogen inputs. At the wheat maturity stage, the decomposition rate of maize straw reached 69.48–75.04%. The N4:6 and N5:5 ratios exhibited higher decomposition rates and C and N release rates in both soil textures. Compared to N0, N application treatments increased SOC and TN concentrations by 7.90–14.17% and 7.94–33.60%, respectively. The effects were most pronounced with the N4:6 ratio in loam and the N5:5 ratio in clay loam. Both soil textures had the same dominant bacterial phyla, but species abundance differed significantly. Loam had a significantly higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria and lower relative abundances of Gemmatimonadetes, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi than clay loam. N application significantly influenced bacterial diversity, with higher diversity observed with the N4:6 ratio in loam and the N5:5 ratio in clay loam. Structural equation modeling indicated that different N application treatments in loam influenced maize straw decomposition by altering the soil C/N ratio and bacterial community diversity, while in clay loam, N application treatments influenced maize straw decomposition mainly by altering the soil C/N ratio. Overall, the N4:6 treatment in loam and the N5:5 treatment in clay loam accelerated the decomposition and nutrient release of maize straw, enhanced SOC, TN, and bacterial community abundance, and provided a scientific basis for efficient straw utilization and sustainable agricultural development in the North China Plain region.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1506155/fullloam and clay loamN fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratiosmaize straw decompositionSOCTNsoil microbial diversity |
| spellingShingle | Jingyu Li Jingyu Li Xiaonan Yang Rui Hou Yujie Ma Yanqun Wang Yang Ma Wenchao Zhen Yuanyuan Huang Xin Fu Zhengping Peng Zhengping Peng Mingxin Men Effects of nitrogen fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios on maize straw decomposition, soil carbon and nitrogen, and bacterial community structure in different soil textures on the north china plain Frontiers in Microbiology loam and clay loam N fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios maize straw decomposition SOC TN soil microbial diversity |
| title | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios on maize straw decomposition, soil carbon and nitrogen, and bacterial community structure in different soil textures on the north china plain |
| title_full | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios on maize straw decomposition, soil carbon and nitrogen, and bacterial community structure in different soil textures on the north china plain |
| title_fullStr | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios on maize straw decomposition, soil carbon and nitrogen, and bacterial community structure in different soil textures on the north china plain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios on maize straw decomposition, soil carbon and nitrogen, and bacterial community structure in different soil textures on the north china plain |
| title_short | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios on maize straw decomposition, soil carbon and nitrogen, and bacterial community structure in different soil textures on the north china plain |
| title_sort | effects of nitrogen fertilizer basal to top dressing ratios on maize straw decomposition soil carbon and nitrogen and bacterial community structure in different soil textures on the north china plain |
| topic | loam and clay loam N fertilizer basal-to-top-dressing ratios maize straw decomposition SOC TN soil microbial diversity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1506155/full |
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