Serosurvey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle in Southern Japan and Estimation of Its Transmissibility by Transient Infection in Nonvaccinated Cattle
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is caused by the BVD virus (BVDV) and has been reported worldwide in cattle. To estimate BVDV circulation among cattle where few BVD cases were reported in southern Japan, 1910 serum samples collected from 35 cattle farms without a BVD outbreak were investigated to detect...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Norikazu Isoda Satoshi Sekiguchi Chika Ryu Kosuke Notsu Maya Kobayashi Karin Hamaguchi Takahiro Hiono Yuichi Ushitani Yoshihiro Sakoda |
| author_facet | Norikazu Isoda Satoshi Sekiguchi Chika Ryu Kosuke Notsu Maya Kobayashi Karin Hamaguchi Takahiro Hiono Yuichi Ushitani Yoshihiro Sakoda |
| author_sort | Norikazu Isoda |
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| description | Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is caused by the BVD virus (BVDV) and has been reported worldwide in cattle. To estimate BVDV circulation among cattle where few BVD cases were reported in southern Japan, 1910 serum samples collected from 35 cattle farms without a BVD outbreak were investigated to detect antibodies against BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 using an indicator virus with a cytopathogenic effect and the luciferase gene, respectively. Neutralizing antibodies against BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 were detected more frequently in 18 vaccinated farms than in 17 nonvaccinated farms. In the nonvaccinated farms, 9.6%, 1.8%, and 13.8% of the cattle were estimated to have a history of infection with BVDV-1, BVDV-2, and both, respectively. The median rate of within-herd anti-BVDV-1 seropositivity among cattle in the nonvaccinated farms was 22.0%; however, a high within-herd seropositivity (>50%) was confirmed in the two farms. The force of infection, basic reproduction number, and annual probability of BVDV-1 infection were estimated as 0.072 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.062–0.084), 0.36 (95% CI: 0.31–0.42), and 0.73% (95% CI: 0.61–0.87%), respectively, using the age-specific positive rate of anti-BVDV-1 antibodies. These parameters should be further applicable for developing epidemiological models which illustrate the BVDV dynamics in the field. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d788ad1f3621459a84444c0e6b79ffa7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-d788ad1f3621459a84444c0e6b79ffa72025-01-24T13:52:26ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-01-011716110.3390/v17010061Serosurvey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle in Southern Japan and Estimation of Its Transmissibility by Transient Infection in Nonvaccinated CattleNorikazu Isoda0Satoshi Sekiguchi1Chika Ryu2Kosuke Notsu3Maya Kobayashi4Karin Hamaguchi5Takahiro Hiono6Yuichi Ushitani7Yoshihiro Sakoda8Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Hokkaido, JapanCenter for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Miyazaki, JapanKirishima Animal Consultation Clinic, Kirishima 899-5102, Kagoshima, JapanCenter for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Miyazaki, JapanLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Hokkaido, JapanDepartment of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Miyazaki, JapanLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Hokkaido, JapanJapan Agricultural Cooperatives in Miyazaki Prefecture, Miyazaki 880-8556, Miyazaki, JapanLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Hokkaido, JapanBovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is caused by the BVD virus (BVDV) and has been reported worldwide in cattle. To estimate BVDV circulation among cattle where few BVD cases were reported in southern Japan, 1910 serum samples collected from 35 cattle farms without a BVD outbreak were investigated to detect antibodies against BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 using an indicator virus with a cytopathogenic effect and the luciferase gene, respectively. Neutralizing antibodies against BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 were detected more frequently in 18 vaccinated farms than in 17 nonvaccinated farms. In the nonvaccinated farms, 9.6%, 1.8%, and 13.8% of the cattle were estimated to have a history of infection with BVDV-1, BVDV-2, and both, respectively. The median rate of within-herd anti-BVDV-1 seropositivity among cattle in the nonvaccinated farms was 22.0%; however, a high within-herd seropositivity (>50%) was confirmed in the two farms. The force of infection, basic reproduction number, and annual probability of BVDV-1 infection were estimated as 0.072 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.062–0.084), 0.36 (95% CI: 0.31–0.42), and 0.73% (95% CI: 0.61–0.87%), respectively, using the age-specific positive rate of anti-BVDV-1 antibodies. These parameters should be further applicable for developing epidemiological models which illustrate the BVDV dynamics in the field.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/61age stratabovine viral diarrheacattleserological testforce of infectionbasic reproduction number |
| spellingShingle | Norikazu Isoda Satoshi Sekiguchi Chika Ryu Kosuke Notsu Maya Kobayashi Karin Hamaguchi Takahiro Hiono Yuichi Ushitani Yoshihiro Sakoda Serosurvey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle in Southern Japan and Estimation of Its Transmissibility by Transient Infection in Nonvaccinated Cattle Viruses age strata bovine viral diarrhea cattle serological test force of infection basic reproduction number |
| title | Serosurvey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle in Southern Japan and Estimation of Its Transmissibility by Transient Infection in Nonvaccinated Cattle |
| title_full | Serosurvey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle in Southern Japan and Estimation of Its Transmissibility by Transient Infection in Nonvaccinated Cattle |
| title_fullStr | Serosurvey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle in Southern Japan and Estimation of Its Transmissibility by Transient Infection in Nonvaccinated Cattle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serosurvey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle in Southern Japan and Estimation of Its Transmissibility by Transient Infection in Nonvaccinated Cattle |
| title_short | Serosurvey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle in Southern Japan and Estimation of Its Transmissibility by Transient Infection in Nonvaccinated Cattle |
| title_sort | serosurvey of bovine viral diarrhea virus in cattle in southern japan and estimation of its transmissibility by transient infection in nonvaccinated cattle |
| topic | age strata bovine viral diarrhea cattle serological test force of infection basic reproduction number |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/61 |
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