Diversity of Stemphylium spp. of onion and garlic revealed the differential pathogenicity and in vitro efficacy of different growth suppressors
Stemphylium blight of onion and garlic, induced by Stemphylium vesicarium, is a serious concern in Bangladesh due to the devastation and economic loss. Twenty isolates of Stemphylium spp. From different locations were collected and their cultural, morphological, molecular, and pathological diversity...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025007224 |
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| author | Md. Morshedul Islam Sabmira Showkat Silvi Shila Chakraborty Md. Atiqur Rahman Khokon |
| author_facet | Md. Morshedul Islam Sabmira Showkat Silvi Shila Chakraborty Md. Atiqur Rahman Khokon |
| author_sort | Md. Morshedul Islam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stemphylium blight of onion and garlic, induced by Stemphylium vesicarium, is a serious concern in Bangladesh due to the devastation and economic loss. Twenty isolates of Stemphylium spp. From different locations were collected and their cultural, morphological, molecular, and pathological diversity were analyzed. Cultural variations were distinct having the maximum radial mycelial growth (43.00 mm) and the minimum (37.13 mm) at the end of colonization. Prominent diversity was also found in colony textures, elevations, shapes, and colors of the conidia. Molecular identification was done for precise recognition and delineation. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified using the universal primers ITS1 and ITS4 which provided an amplicon of 600 bp. Further, all PCR products were sequenced to find the homology with the GenBank accessions of NCBI. Different isolates showed 82.92–100.00 % similarity with S. vesicarium and S. lycopersici. The phylogeny of the Stemphylium isolates indicated the presence of two distinct species of Stemphylium where 18 isolates exhibited similarity with S. vesicarium and 2 isolates were associated with S. lycopersici. Isolate GNMM-42 (OR923573) had the highest virulence. Salicylic acid (SA), benzoic acid (BA), and chitosan (CHI) exhibited in vitro antifungal effects against S. vesicarium. However, chitosan @ 40 ppm exhibited the most significant growth inhibitory effect (98.78 %). The findings indicate that S. vesicarium was the predominant species that caused the Stemphylium blight in onion and garlic. A considerable variation exists in cultural, morphological, molecular, and pathological characteristics among the Stemphylium isolates. Additionally, SA, BA, and CHI showed growth suppressive effects and can be utilized as alternative compounds to toxic fungicides in the existing integrated disease management package in Bangladesh. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-d75c685f8c5240dcbf3b94349e7374922025-02-02T05:29:05ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-02-01113e42342Diversity of Stemphylium spp. of onion and garlic revealed the differential pathogenicity and in vitro efficacy of different growth suppressorsMd. Morshedul Islam0Sabmira Showkat Silvi1Shila Chakraborty2Md. Atiqur Rahman Khokon3Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, BangladeshDepartment of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, BangladeshDepartment of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, BangladeshCorresponding author.; Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, BangladeshStemphylium blight of onion and garlic, induced by Stemphylium vesicarium, is a serious concern in Bangladesh due to the devastation and economic loss. Twenty isolates of Stemphylium spp. From different locations were collected and their cultural, morphological, molecular, and pathological diversity were analyzed. Cultural variations were distinct having the maximum radial mycelial growth (43.00 mm) and the minimum (37.13 mm) at the end of colonization. Prominent diversity was also found in colony textures, elevations, shapes, and colors of the conidia. Molecular identification was done for precise recognition and delineation. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified using the universal primers ITS1 and ITS4 which provided an amplicon of 600 bp. Further, all PCR products were sequenced to find the homology with the GenBank accessions of NCBI. Different isolates showed 82.92–100.00 % similarity with S. vesicarium and S. lycopersici. The phylogeny of the Stemphylium isolates indicated the presence of two distinct species of Stemphylium where 18 isolates exhibited similarity with S. vesicarium and 2 isolates were associated with S. lycopersici. Isolate GNMM-42 (OR923573) had the highest virulence. Salicylic acid (SA), benzoic acid (BA), and chitosan (CHI) exhibited in vitro antifungal effects against S. vesicarium. However, chitosan @ 40 ppm exhibited the most significant growth inhibitory effect (98.78 %). The findings indicate that S. vesicarium was the predominant species that caused the Stemphylium blight in onion and garlic. A considerable variation exists in cultural, morphological, molecular, and pathological characteristics among the Stemphylium isolates. Additionally, SA, BA, and CHI showed growth suppressive effects and can be utilized as alternative compounds to toxic fungicides in the existing integrated disease management package in Bangladesh.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025007224Stemphylium spp.PhylogenyPathogenicityGrowth suppressorsOnionGarlic |
| spellingShingle | Md. Morshedul Islam Sabmira Showkat Silvi Shila Chakraborty Md. Atiqur Rahman Khokon Diversity of Stemphylium spp. of onion and garlic revealed the differential pathogenicity and in vitro efficacy of different growth suppressors Heliyon Stemphylium spp. Phylogeny Pathogenicity Growth suppressors Onion Garlic |
| title | Diversity of Stemphylium spp. of onion and garlic revealed the differential pathogenicity and in vitro efficacy of different growth suppressors |
| title_full | Diversity of Stemphylium spp. of onion and garlic revealed the differential pathogenicity and in vitro efficacy of different growth suppressors |
| title_fullStr | Diversity of Stemphylium spp. of onion and garlic revealed the differential pathogenicity and in vitro efficacy of different growth suppressors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity of Stemphylium spp. of onion and garlic revealed the differential pathogenicity and in vitro efficacy of different growth suppressors |
| title_short | Diversity of Stemphylium spp. of onion and garlic revealed the differential pathogenicity and in vitro efficacy of different growth suppressors |
| title_sort | diversity of stemphylium spp of onion and garlic revealed the differential pathogenicity and in vitro efficacy of different growth suppressors |
| topic | Stemphylium spp. Phylogeny Pathogenicity Growth suppressors Onion Garlic |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025007224 |
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