Prevalence, incidence and determinants of QuantiFERONTM positivity in South African schoolchildren
BACKGROUND: TB control requires the understanding and disruption of TB transmission. We describe prevalence, incidence and risk factors associated with childhood TB infection in Cape Town, South Africa. METHODS: We report cross-sectional baseline and prospective incidence data from a large trial amo...
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International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union)
2024-05-01
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| Series: | IJTLD Open |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/iuatld/ijtldo/2024/00000001/00000005/art00003 |
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| author | J. Stewart N. Walker K. Jennings C. Delport J Nuttall A.K. Coussens R Dyers D.A. Jolliffe J.C.Y. Tang W.D. Fraser R.J. Wilkinson L.-G. Bekker A.R. Martineau K. Middelkoop |
| author_facet | J. Stewart N. Walker K. Jennings C. Delport J Nuttall A.K. Coussens R Dyers D.A. Jolliffe J.C.Y. Tang W.D. Fraser R.J. Wilkinson L.-G. Bekker A.R. Martineau K. Middelkoop |
| author_sort | J. Stewart |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: TB control requires the understanding and disruption of TB transmission. We describe prevalence, incidence and risk factors associated with childhood TB infection in Cape Town, South Africa. METHODS: We report cross-sectional baseline and prospective incidence data from a large trial among primary school children living in high TB burden communities. Prevalent infection was defined as QuantiFERON™-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) positivity as assessed at baseline. Subsequent conversion to QFT-Plus positivity was measured 3 years later among those QFT-Plus-negative at baseline. Multivariable logistic regression models examined factors associated with TB infection. RESULTS: QuantiFERON-positivity at baseline (prevalence: 22.6%, 95% CI 20.9–24.4), was independently associated with increasing age (aOR 1.24 per additional year, 95% CI 1.15–1.34) and household exposure to TB during the participant’s lifetime (aOR 1.87, 95% CI 1.46–2.40). QFT-Plus conversion at year 3 (12.2%, 95% CI 10.5–14.0; annual infection rate: 3.95%) was associated with household exposure to an index TB case (aOR 2.74, 95% CI 1.05–7.18). CONCLUSION: Rates of QFT-diagnosed TB infection remain high in this population. The strong association with household TB exposure reinforces the importance of contact tracing, preventative treatment and early treatment of infectious disease to reduce community transmission. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d74e953ddb1142ddb931d87268be49ae |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 3005-7590 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-05-01 |
| publisher | International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IJTLD Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-d74e953ddb1142ddb931d87268be49ae2025-01-21T10:40:46ZengInternational Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union)IJTLD Open3005-75902024-05-011520621410.5588/ijtldopen.24.00843Prevalence, incidence and determinants of QuantiFERONTM positivity in South African schoolchildrenJ. Stewart0N. Walker1K. Jennings2C. Delport3J Nuttall4A.K. Coussens5R Dyers6D.A. Jolliffe7J.C.Y. Tang8W.D. Fraser9R.J. Wilkinson10L.-G. Bekker11A.R. Martineau12K. Middelkoop13Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK;Health Department, Cape Town Municipality, Cape Town,Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town,Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia;Western Cape Government: Health and Wellness, Cape Town,Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich,Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town,Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London,Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;BACKGROUND: TB control requires the understanding and disruption of TB transmission. We describe prevalence, incidence and risk factors associated with childhood TB infection in Cape Town, South Africa. METHODS: We report cross-sectional baseline and prospective incidence data from a large trial among primary school children living in high TB burden communities. Prevalent infection was defined as QuantiFERON™-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) positivity as assessed at baseline. Subsequent conversion to QFT-Plus positivity was measured 3 years later among those QFT-Plus-negative at baseline. Multivariable logistic regression models examined factors associated with TB infection. RESULTS: QuantiFERON-positivity at baseline (prevalence: 22.6%, 95% CI 20.9–24.4), was independently associated with increasing age (aOR 1.24 per additional year, 95% CI 1.15–1.34) and household exposure to TB during the participant’s lifetime (aOR 1.87, 95% CI 1.46–2.40). QFT-Plus conversion at year 3 (12.2%, 95% CI 10.5–14.0; annual infection rate: 3.95%) was associated with household exposure to an index TB case (aOR 2.74, 95% CI 1.05–7.18). CONCLUSION: Rates of QFT-diagnosed TB infection remain high in this population. The strong association with household TB exposure reinforces the importance of contact tracing, preventative treatment and early treatment of infectious disease to reduce community transmission.https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/iuatld/ijtldo/2024/00000001/00000005/art00003paediatriclatent tbigraqft-plus |
| spellingShingle | J. Stewart N. Walker K. Jennings C. Delport J Nuttall A.K. Coussens R Dyers D.A. Jolliffe J.C.Y. Tang W.D. Fraser R.J. Wilkinson L.-G. Bekker A.R. Martineau K. Middelkoop Prevalence, incidence and determinants of QuantiFERONTM positivity in South African schoolchildren IJTLD Open paediatric latent tb igra qft-plus |
| title | Prevalence, incidence and determinants of QuantiFERONTM positivity in South African schoolchildren |
| title_full | Prevalence, incidence and determinants of QuantiFERONTM positivity in South African schoolchildren |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence, incidence and determinants of QuantiFERONTM positivity in South African schoolchildren |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence, incidence and determinants of QuantiFERONTM positivity in South African schoolchildren |
| title_short | Prevalence, incidence and determinants of QuantiFERONTM positivity in South African schoolchildren |
| title_sort | prevalence incidence and determinants of quantiferontm positivity in south african schoolchildren |
| topic | paediatric latent tb igra qft-plus |
| url | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/iuatld/ijtldo/2024/00000001/00000005/art00003 |
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