Environmental impact assessment of floor system spans: A life cycle approach for sustainable structures
This study presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of flat slab structural systems for a general hospital building in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, to identify environmentally optimal design strategies. Four flat slab design scenarios with varying spans and material configurations are invest...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-09-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025029135 |
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| author | Mohammad S.M. Almulhim Mazen Jobran Logaby Umaru Mohammed Bongwirnso |
| author_facet | Mohammad S.M. Almulhim Mazen Jobran Logaby Umaru Mohammed Bongwirnso |
| author_sort | Mohammad S.M. Almulhim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of flat slab structural systems for a general hospital building in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, to identify environmentally optimal design strategies. Four flat slab design scenarios with varying spans and material configurations are investigated in light of Saudi Vision 2030 and the growing demand for sustainable construction practices. Using Autodesk® Revit for geometric modeling and structural analyses based on the Saudi Building Code, this study quantifies the amount of concrete and steel required for each scenario. The impacts of embodied carbon (EC) and embodied energy (EE) were assessed using a cradle-to-grave LCA framework, incorporating locally adapted coefficients for environmental impact. The results demonstrate that the product stage (A1–A3) contributes the most to total environmental impact—78 % of EC and 67 % of EE—highlighting the critical role of early-stage design decisions. Among the scenarios analyzed, Scenario 4, which employs shorter slab spans and optimized material use, achieved a 33 % reduction in both EC and EE compared to the base case. This study introduces a novel approach to structural system evaluation in hot and arid climates and contributes valuable insights into sustainable building design in rapidly urbanizing regions. The findings support structural efficiency as a key strategy for reducing the environmental footprint of concrete-based hospital buildings and offer a practical decision-making framework applicable across similar contexts. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d64cfeb6e5a34d08b8e0f141ffb8d34b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-d64cfeb6e5a34d08b8e0f141ffb8d34b2025-08-24T05:14:23ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-09-012710685110.1016/j.rineng.2025.106851Environmental impact assessment of floor system spans: A life cycle approach for sustainable structuresMohammad S.M. Almulhim0Mazen Jobran Logaby1Umaru Mohammed Bongwirnso2Department of Building Engineering, College of Architecture and Planning, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.Department of Building Engineering, College of Architecture and Planning, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, ChinaThis study presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of flat slab structural systems for a general hospital building in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, to identify environmentally optimal design strategies. Four flat slab design scenarios with varying spans and material configurations are investigated in light of Saudi Vision 2030 and the growing demand for sustainable construction practices. Using Autodesk® Revit for geometric modeling and structural analyses based on the Saudi Building Code, this study quantifies the amount of concrete and steel required for each scenario. The impacts of embodied carbon (EC) and embodied energy (EE) were assessed using a cradle-to-grave LCA framework, incorporating locally adapted coefficients for environmental impact. The results demonstrate that the product stage (A1–A3) contributes the most to total environmental impact—78 % of EC and 67 % of EE—highlighting the critical role of early-stage design decisions. Among the scenarios analyzed, Scenario 4, which employs shorter slab spans and optimized material use, achieved a 33 % reduction in both EC and EE compared to the base case. This study introduces a novel approach to structural system evaluation in hot and arid climates and contributes valuable insights into sustainable building design in rapidly urbanizing regions. The findings support structural efficiency as a key strategy for reducing the environmental footprint of concrete-based hospital buildings and offer a practical decision-making framework applicable across similar contexts.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025029135Sustainable buildingsLife cycle assessmentEnvironmental impact assessmentEmbodied carbonEmbodied energy |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad S.M. Almulhim Mazen Jobran Logaby Umaru Mohammed Bongwirnso Environmental impact assessment of floor system spans: A life cycle approach for sustainable structures Results in Engineering Sustainable buildings Life cycle assessment Environmental impact assessment Embodied carbon Embodied energy |
| title | Environmental impact assessment of floor system spans: A life cycle approach for sustainable structures |
| title_full | Environmental impact assessment of floor system spans: A life cycle approach for sustainable structures |
| title_fullStr | Environmental impact assessment of floor system spans: A life cycle approach for sustainable structures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental impact assessment of floor system spans: A life cycle approach for sustainable structures |
| title_short | Environmental impact assessment of floor system spans: A life cycle approach for sustainable structures |
| title_sort | environmental impact assessment of floor system spans a life cycle approach for sustainable structures |
| topic | Sustainable buildings Life cycle assessment Environmental impact assessment Embodied carbon Embodied energy |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025029135 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohammadsmalmulhim environmentalimpactassessmentoffloorsystemspansalifecycleapproachforsustainablestructures AT mazenjobranlogaby environmentalimpactassessmentoffloorsystemspansalifecycleapproachforsustainablestructures AT umarumohammedbongwirnso environmentalimpactassessmentoffloorsystemspansalifecycleapproachforsustainablestructures |