The correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and adiponectin in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract Data on the involvement of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and adiponectin in prediabetes progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains inconclusive. Therefore, this study investigated the roles of PCSK9 and adiponectin in this process. This study included 1,5...

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Main Authors: Jun-Xu Gu, Kun Wang, Ai-Min Zhang, Yue Yin, Shan-Shan Li, Na Zhang, Li Qin, Chun-Yan Wang, Lin Pei, Mei Jia, Ming Su
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93750-7
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author Jun-Xu Gu
Kun Wang
Ai-Min Zhang
Yue Yin
Shan-Shan Li
Na Zhang
Li Qin
Chun-Yan Wang
Lin Pei
Mei Jia
Ming Su
author_facet Jun-Xu Gu
Kun Wang
Ai-Min Zhang
Yue Yin
Shan-Shan Li
Na Zhang
Li Qin
Chun-Yan Wang
Lin Pei
Mei Jia
Ming Su
author_sort Jun-Xu Gu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Data on the involvement of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and adiponectin in prediabetes progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains inconclusive. Therefore, this study investigated the roles of PCSK9 and adiponectin in this process. This study included 1,528 participants with prediabetes and T2DM and conducted correlation analyses to investigate the relationship between PCSK9 and adiponectin levels, pancreatic beta-cell function, and insulin levels. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine whether PCSK9 and adiponectin play protective roles in the progression from prediabetes to T2DM and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for T2DM. In prediabetic patients, the levels of PCSK9 [573.00 (412.35) ng/mL vs. 924.20 (673.38) ng/mL, p < 0.001] and adiponectin [4.50 (2.80) mg/mL vs. 6.22 (4.51) mg/mL, p < 0.001] were significantly higher than those in patients with T2DM. PCSK9 (r = 0.167, p < 0.001) and adiponectin (r = 0.113, p < 0.001) levels were positively correlated with pancreatic cell homeostasis and had protective effects against progression from prediabetes to T2DM (PCSK9: OR = 0.274, 95% CI 0.121–0.621, p = 0.002; adiponectin: OR = 0.135, 95% CI 0.057–0.320, p < 0.001). The combined diagnostic value of PCSK9 and adiponectin for T2DM showed an area under the curve of 0.751 (95% CI 0.727–0.775). Prediabetes and T2DM patients showed significant differences in the PCSK9 and adiponectin levels. PCSK9 and adiponectin have protective effects against the progression of prediabetes to T2DM, and their combined use is a potential biomarker for the transition from prediabetes to T2DM.
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spelling doaj-art-d62447a2f79c42e493ebe9331289cdfd2025-08-20T03:02:19ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-93750-7The correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and adiponectin in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitusJun-Xu Gu0Kun Wang1Ai-Min Zhang2Yue Yin3Shan-Shan Li4Na Zhang5Li Qin6Chun-Yan Wang7Lin Pei8Mei Jia9Ming Su10Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s HospitalAbstract Data on the involvement of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and adiponectin in prediabetes progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains inconclusive. Therefore, this study investigated the roles of PCSK9 and adiponectin in this process. This study included 1,528 participants with prediabetes and T2DM and conducted correlation analyses to investigate the relationship between PCSK9 and adiponectin levels, pancreatic beta-cell function, and insulin levels. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine whether PCSK9 and adiponectin play protective roles in the progression from prediabetes to T2DM and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for T2DM. In prediabetic patients, the levels of PCSK9 [573.00 (412.35) ng/mL vs. 924.20 (673.38) ng/mL, p < 0.001] and adiponectin [4.50 (2.80) mg/mL vs. 6.22 (4.51) mg/mL, p < 0.001] were significantly higher than those in patients with T2DM. PCSK9 (r = 0.167, p < 0.001) and adiponectin (r = 0.113, p < 0.001) levels were positively correlated with pancreatic cell homeostasis and had protective effects against progression from prediabetes to T2DM (PCSK9: OR = 0.274, 95% CI 0.121–0.621, p = 0.002; adiponectin: OR = 0.135, 95% CI 0.057–0.320, p < 0.001). The combined diagnostic value of PCSK9 and adiponectin for T2DM showed an area under the curve of 0.751 (95% CI 0.727–0.775). Prediabetes and T2DM patients showed significant differences in the PCSK9 and adiponectin levels. PCSK9 and adiponectin have protective effects against the progression of prediabetes to T2DM, and their combined use is a potential biomarker for the transition from prediabetes to T2DM.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93750-7PCSK9AdiponectinT2DMPrediabetes
spellingShingle Jun-Xu Gu
Kun Wang
Ai-Min Zhang
Yue Yin
Shan-Shan Li
Na Zhang
Li Qin
Chun-Yan Wang
Lin Pei
Mei Jia
Ming Su
The correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and adiponectin in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus
Scientific Reports
PCSK9
Adiponectin
T2DM
Prediabetes
title The correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and adiponectin in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus
title_full The correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and adiponectin in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus
title_fullStr The correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and adiponectin in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus
title_full_unstemmed The correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and adiponectin in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus
title_short The correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and adiponectin in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus
title_sort correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 and adiponectin in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus
topic PCSK9
Adiponectin
T2DM
Prediabetes
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93750-7
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