CFD analysis of PBI and PSF membranes with MWCNT for water recovery from brackish water RO reject by FO and validation with experimental results

CFD analysis of PBI and PSF membranes with MWCNT for water recovery from brackish water RO reject by FO and validation with experimental results

As global water scarcity intensifies, sustainable alternatives to reverse osmosis (RO), which is an energy-intensive process, are essential, especially given the environmental risks posed by wastewater and brackish water discharge. This study explores forward osmosis (FO) as a viable alternative, us...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: S. S. Venkatesh, V. Pandiyarajan, R. Velraj, T. Sundararajan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Energy Research
Subjects:
desalination
water treatment
nanoparticles
TFC
TFN
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2025.1636293/full
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