Ultraviolet A light effectively reduces bacteria and viruses including coronavirus.
Antimicrobial-resistant and novel pathogens continue to emerge, outpacing efforts to contain and treat them. Therefore, there is a crucial need for safe and effective therapies. Ultraviolet-A (UVA) phototherapy is FDA-approved for several dermatological diseases but not for internal applications. We...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0236199&type=printable |
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| author | Ali Rezaie Gabriela G S Leite Gil Y Melmed Ruchi Mathur Maria Jesus Villanueva-Millan Gonzalo Parodi Jon Sin Juliana F Germano Walter Morales Stacy Weitsman Seung Young Kim Jae Ho Park Siamak Sakhaie Mark Pimentel |
| author_facet | Ali Rezaie Gabriela G S Leite Gil Y Melmed Ruchi Mathur Maria Jesus Villanueva-Millan Gonzalo Parodi Jon Sin Juliana F Germano Walter Morales Stacy Weitsman Seung Young Kim Jae Ho Park Siamak Sakhaie Mark Pimentel |
| author_sort | Ali Rezaie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial-resistant and novel pathogens continue to emerge, outpacing efforts to contain and treat them. Therefore, there is a crucial need for safe and effective therapies. Ultraviolet-A (UVA) phototherapy is FDA-approved for several dermatological diseases but not for internal applications. We investigated UVA effects on human cells in vitro, mouse colonic tissue in vivo, and UVA efficacy against bacteria, yeast, coxsackievirus group B and coronavirus-229E. Several pathogens and virally transfected human cells were exposed to a series of specific UVA exposure regimens. HeLa, alveolar and primary human tracheal epithelial cell viability was assessed after UVA exposure, and 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine was measured as an oxidative DNA damage marker. Furthermore, wild-type mice were exposed to intracolonic UVA as an in vivo model to assess safety of internal UVA exposure. Controlled UVA exposure yielded significant reductions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridioides difficile, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus mirabilis and Candida albicans. UVA-treated coxsackievirus-transfected HeLa cells exhibited significantly increased cell survival compared to controls. UVA-treated coronavirus-229E-transfected tracheal cells exhibited significant coronavirus spike protein reduction, increased mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein and decreased coronavirus-229E-induced cell death. Specific controlled UVA exposure had no significant effect on growth or 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in three types of human cells. Single or repeated in vivo intraluminal UVA exposure produced no discernible endoscopic, histologic or dysplastic changes in mice. These findings suggest that, under specific conditions, UVA reduces various pathogens including coronavirus-229E, and may provide a safe and effective treatment for infectious diseases of internal viscera. Clinical studies are warranted to further elucidate the safety and efficacy of UVA in humans. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d5d8cd11cb654c01ac2f9f7ee0e4775a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-d5d8cd11cb654c01ac2f9f7ee0e4775a2025-08-20T02:55:14ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032020-01-01157e023619910.1371/journal.pone.0236199Ultraviolet A light effectively reduces bacteria and viruses including coronavirus.Ali RezaieGabriela G S LeiteGil Y MelmedRuchi MathurMaria Jesus Villanueva-MillanGonzalo ParodiJon SinJuliana F GermanoWalter MoralesStacy WeitsmanSeung Young KimJae Ho ParkSiamak SakhaieMark PimentelAntimicrobial-resistant and novel pathogens continue to emerge, outpacing efforts to contain and treat them. Therefore, there is a crucial need for safe and effective therapies. Ultraviolet-A (UVA) phototherapy is FDA-approved for several dermatological diseases but not for internal applications. We investigated UVA effects on human cells in vitro, mouse colonic tissue in vivo, and UVA efficacy against bacteria, yeast, coxsackievirus group B and coronavirus-229E. Several pathogens and virally transfected human cells were exposed to a series of specific UVA exposure regimens. HeLa, alveolar and primary human tracheal epithelial cell viability was assessed after UVA exposure, and 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine was measured as an oxidative DNA damage marker. Furthermore, wild-type mice were exposed to intracolonic UVA as an in vivo model to assess safety of internal UVA exposure. Controlled UVA exposure yielded significant reductions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridioides difficile, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus mirabilis and Candida albicans. UVA-treated coxsackievirus-transfected HeLa cells exhibited significantly increased cell survival compared to controls. UVA-treated coronavirus-229E-transfected tracheal cells exhibited significant coronavirus spike protein reduction, increased mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein and decreased coronavirus-229E-induced cell death. Specific controlled UVA exposure had no significant effect on growth or 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in three types of human cells. Single or repeated in vivo intraluminal UVA exposure produced no discernible endoscopic, histologic or dysplastic changes in mice. These findings suggest that, under specific conditions, UVA reduces various pathogens including coronavirus-229E, and may provide a safe and effective treatment for infectious diseases of internal viscera. Clinical studies are warranted to further elucidate the safety and efficacy of UVA in humans.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0236199&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Ali Rezaie Gabriela G S Leite Gil Y Melmed Ruchi Mathur Maria Jesus Villanueva-Millan Gonzalo Parodi Jon Sin Juliana F Germano Walter Morales Stacy Weitsman Seung Young Kim Jae Ho Park Siamak Sakhaie Mark Pimentel Ultraviolet A light effectively reduces bacteria and viruses including coronavirus. PLoS ONE |
| title | Ultraviolet A light effectively reduces bacteria and viruses including coronavirus. |
| title_full | Ultraviolet A light effectively reduces bacteria and viruses including coronavirus. |
| title_fullStr | Ultraviolet A light effectively reduces bacteria and viruses including coronavirus. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultraviolet A light effectively reduces bacteria and viruses including coronavirus. |
| title_short | Ultraviolet A light effectively reduces bacteria and viruses including coronavirus. |
| title_sort | ultraviolet a light effectively reduces bacteria and viruses including coronavirus |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0236199&type=printable |
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