Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii)
Fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) is a kind of economic fish that is widely consumed by human, and its intensive farming technology is making important progress. However, high-density farming may cause the occurrence of diseases in H. otakii. Cinnamaldehyde (CNE) is a new feed additive for aquatic...
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Wiley
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Nutrition |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2132754 |
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| author | Yixin Gu Jian Han Wenjie Wang Yu Zhan Huijie Wang Wenyuan Hua Yue Liu Yafeng Guo Zhuang Xue Wei Wang |
| author_facet | Yixin Gu Jian Han Wenjie Wang Yu Zhan Huijie Wang Wenyuan Hua Yue Liu Yafeng Guo Zhuang Xue Wei Wang |
| author_sort | Yixin Gu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) is a kind of economic fish that is widely consumed by human, and its intensive farming technology is making important progress. However, high-density farming may cause the occurrence of diseases in H. otakii. Cinnamaldehyde (CNE) is a new feed additive for aquatic animals and has a positive effect on disease resistance. In the study, dietary CNE was evaluated on the growth performance, digestion, immune response, and lipid metabolism of juvenile H. otakii (6.21±0.19 g). Six experimental diets were formulated containing CNE at levels of 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg for 8 weeks. The percent weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate (SGR), survival (SR), and feeding rate (FR) were significantly increased by including CNE in fish diets regardless of the inclusion level (P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly decreased among the groups fed CNE supplemented diets (P<0.05). A significant decrease in hepatosomatic index (HSI) was observed in fish fed 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg CNE compared to the control diet (P<0.05). Fish-fed diets containing 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg CNE had a higher level of crude protein in muscles than the control diet (P<0.05). Moreover, the activities of lipase (LPS) and pepsin (PEP) in the intestinal were markedly increased in juvenile H. otakii-fed dietary CNE (P<0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter, protein, and lipid was significantly increased with CNE supplement (P<0.05). The activities of catalase (CAT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the liver were markedly enhanced by including CNE in juvenile H. otakii diets compared with the control (P<0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the liver were markedly enhanced in juvenile H. otakii treated with CNE supplements 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg (P<0.05). Additionally, the levels of total protein (TP) in the serum were markedly increased by including CNE in juvenile H. otakii diets compared with the control (P<0.05). In the CNE200, CNE400, and CNE600 groups, albumin (ALB) levels in the serum were markedly higher compared with that in the control (P<0.05). In the CNE200 and CNE400 groups, the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the serum were significantly increased compared with that the control group (P<0.05). The juvenile H. otakii-fed dietary CNE had lower triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TCHO) levels in the serum than fish-fed CNE-free diets (P<0.05). The gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) in the liver was significantly increased by including CNE in fish diets regardless of the inclusion level (P<0.05). However, fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACCα) in the liver were markedly decreased with CNE supplements 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg (P<0.05). The glucose-6-phosphate1-dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene expression levels in the liver were markedly decreased compared with the control (P<0.05). The optimal supplementation level of CNE was shown by curve equation analysis to be 590.90 mg/kg. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d596c03010324cf3b44645633338ccf6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1365-2095 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Aquaculture Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-d596c03010324cf3b44645633338ccf62025-02-03T06:08:44ZengWileyAquaculture Nutrition1365-20952022-01-01202210.1155/2022/2132754Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii)Yixin Gu0Jian Han1Wenjie Wang2Yu Zhan3Huijie Wang4Wenyuan Hua5Yue Liu6Yafeng Guo7Zhuang Xue8Wei Wang9Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning ProvinceFat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) is a kind of economic fish that is widely consumed by human, and its intensive farming technology is making important progress. However, high-density farming may cause the occurrence of diseases in H. otakii. Cinnamaldehyde (CNE) is a new feed additive for aquatic animals and has a positive effect on disease resistance. In the study, dietary CNE was evaluated on the growth performance, digestion, immune response, and lipid metabolism of juvenile H. otakii (6.21±0.19 g). Six experimental diets were formulated containing CNE at levels of 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg for 8 weeks. The percent weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate (SGR), survival (SR), and feeding rate (FR) were significantly increased by including CNE in fish diets regardless of the inclusion level (P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly decreased among the groups fed CNE supplemented diets (P<0.05). A significant decrease in hepatosomatic index (HSI) was observed in fish fed 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg CNE compared to the control diet (P<0.05). Fish-fed diets containing 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg CNE had a higher level of crude protein in muscles than the control diet (P<0.05). Moreover, the activities of lipase (LPS) and pepsin (PEP) in the intestinal were markedly increased in juvenile H. otakii-fed dietary CNE (P<0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter, protein, and lipid was significantly increased with CNE supplement (P<0.05). The activities of catalase (CAT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the liver were markedly enhanced by including CNE in juvenile H. otakii diets compared with the control (P<0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the liver were markedly enhanced in juvenile H. otakii treated with CNE supplements 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg (P<0.05). Additionally, the levels of total protein (TP) in the serum were markedly increased by including CNE in juvenile H. otakii diets compared with the control (P<0.05). In the CNE200, CNE400, and CNE600 groups, albumin (ALB) levels in the serum were markedly higher compared with that in the control (P<0.05). In the CNE200 and CNE400 groups, the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the serum were significantly increased compared with that the control group (P<0.05). The juvenile H. otakii-fed dietary CNE had lower triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TCHO) levels in the serum than fish-fed CNE-free diets (P<0.05). The gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) in the liver was significantly increased by including CNE in fish diets regardless of the inclusion level (P<0.05). However, fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACCα) in the liver were markedly decreased with CNE supplements 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg (P<0.05). The glucose-6-phosphate1-dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene expression levels in the liver were markedly decreased compared with the control (P<0.05). The optimal supplementation level of CNE was shown by curve equation analysis to be 590.90 mg/kg.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2132754 |
| spellingShingle | Yixin Gu Jian Han Wenjie Wang Yu Zhan Huijie Wang Wenyuan Hua Yue Liu Yafeng Guo Zhuang Xue Wei Wang Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) Aquaculture Nutrition |
| title | Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) |
| title_full | Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) |
| title_short | Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) |
| title_sort | dietary cinnamaldehyde enhances growth performance digestion immunity and lipid metabolism in juvenile fat greenling hexagrammos otakii |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2132754 |
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