Winter haze amplification by aerosol hygroscopic growth over eastern Indo- Gangetic Plain

Abstract Frequent occurrences of widespread winter haze over Northern India largely appear to originate from exceedingly high concentrations of fine particulate matter from anthropogenic emissions. However, the underlying mechanisms driving winter haze in Northern India are not well understood. This...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Thejas Kallihosur, Vijayakumar S. Nair, P. R. Sinha
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Communications Earth & Environment
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01792-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850061699084713984
author Thejas Kallihosur
Vijayakumar S. Nair
P. R. Sinha
author_facet Thejas Kallihosur
Vijayakumar S. Nair
P. R. Sinha
author_sort Thejas Kallihosur
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Frequent occurrences of widespread winter haze over Northern India largely appear to originate from exceedingly high concentrations of fine particulate matter from anthropogenic emissions. However, the underlying mechanisms driving winter haze in Northern India are not well understood. This study employed a synergy of satellite and reanalysis data from 2006 to 2021 to assess the role of hygroscopic growth of aerosol optical depth in winter haze over the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain. A method has been developed to extract dry aerosol optical depth from ambient aerosol optical depth to elucidate the origin of winter haze. About 31% of severe haze episodes (aerosol optical depth > 0.85) occurring under ambient humidity conditions decrease to below 5% for dry conditions, indicating the critical role of particle hygroscopic growth. The change in radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere due to hygroscopic growth is relatively small compared to that at the surface and in the atmosphere, indicating enhanced atmospheric warming. The ubiquitous winter haze over the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain is exacerbated by hygroscopic growth under high anthropogenic aerosol emissions, further aggravated through aerosol-radiation feedback. These results will be valuable in devising haze forecasts, implementing effective mitigation policies, and representing aerosol hygroscopicity in climate models.
format Article
id doaj-art-d3fa43f9f0a34c1ea67b39d0c20bb51d
institution DOAJ
issn 2662-4435
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Earth & Environment
spelling doaj-art-d3fa43f9f0a34c1ea67b39d0c20bb51d2025-08-20T02:50:08ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352024-11-01511910.1038/s43247-024-01792-yWinter haze amplification by aerosol hygroscopic growth over eastern Indo- Gangetic PlainThejas Kallihosur0Vijayakumar S. Nair1P. R. Sinha2Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Indian Institute of Space Science and TechnologySpace Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space CentreDepartment of Earth and Space Sciences, Indian Institute of Space Science and TechnologyAbstract Frequent occurrences of widespread winter haze over Northern India largely appear to originate from exceedingly high concentrations of fine particulate matter from anthropogenic emissions. However, the underlying mechanisms driving winter haze in Northern India are not well understood. This study employed a synergy of satellite and reanalysis data from 2006 to 2021 to assess the role of hygroscopic growth of aerosol optical depth in winter haze over the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain. A method has been developed to extract dry aerosol optical depth from ambient aerosol optical depth to elucidate the origin of winter haze. About 31% of severe haze episodes (aerosol optical depth > 0.85) occurring under ambient humidity conditions decrease to below 5% for dry conditions, indicating the critical role of particle hygroscopic growth. The change in radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere due to hygroscopic growth is relatively small compared to that at the surface and in the atmosphere, indicating enhanced atmospheric warming. The ubiquitous winter haze over the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain is exacerbated by hygroscopic growth under high anthropogenic aerosol emissions, further aggravated through aerosol-radiation feedback. These results will be valuable in devising haze forecasts, implementing effective mitigation policies, and representing aerosol hygroscopicity in climate models.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01792-y
spellingShingle Thejas Kallihosur
Vijayakumar S. Nair
P. R. Sinha
Winter haze amplification by aerosol hygroscopic growth over eastern Indo- Gangetic Plain
Communications Earth & Environment
title Winter haze amplification by aerosol hygroscopic growth over eastern Indo- Gangetic Plain
title_full Winter haze amplification by aerosol hygroscopic growth over eastern Indo- Gangetic Plain
title_fullStr Winter haze amplification by aerosol hygroscopic growth over eastern Indo- Gangetic Plain
title_full_unstemmed Winter haze amplification by aerosol hygroscopic growth over eastern Indo- Gangetic Plain
title_short Winter haze amplification by aerosol hygroscopic growth over eastern Indo- Gangetic Plain
title_sort winter haze amplification by aerosol hygroscopic growth over eastern indo gangetic plain
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01792-y
work_keys_str_mv AT thejaskallihosur winterhazeamplificationbyaerosolhygroscopicgrowthovereasternindogangeticplain
AT vijayakumarsnair winterhazeamplificationbyaerosolhygroscopicgrowthovereasternindogangeticplain
AT prsinha winterhazeamplificationbyaerosolhygroscopicgrowthovereasternindogangeticplain