Bacteroides- and Prevotella-enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risks

Abstract The gut microbiome plays a critical role in human health through its influence on numerous physiological functions such as metabolism and immunity, with disruptions in microbial communities increasingly linked to metabolic disorders. In a large-scale cohort study in Japan, we investigated t...

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Main Authors: Yi Rou Bah, Kairi Baba, Dayang Nurul Asyiqin Binte Mustafa, Satoshi Watanabe, Aya K. Takeda, Tomoya Yamashita, Kazuyuki Kasahara
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Gut Pathogens
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-025-00730-3
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author Yi Rou Bah
Kairi Baba
Dayang Nurul Asyiqin Binte Mustafa
Satoshi Watanabe
Aya K. Takeda
Tomoya Yamashita
Kazuyuki Kasahara
author_facet Yi Rou Bah
Kairi Baba
Dayang Nurul Asyiqin Binte Mustafa
Satoshi Watanabe
Aya K. Takeda
Tomoya Yamashita
Kazuyuki Kasahara
author_sort Yi Rou Bah
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The gut microbiome plays a critical role in human health through its influence on numerous physiological functions such as metabolism and immunity, with disruptions in microbial communities increasingly linked to metabolic disorders. In a large-scale cohort study in Japan, we investigated the association between gut microbiome profiles and metabolic health. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, four-enterotype clustering revealed that the Bacteroides 2 (B2) enterotype was associated with lower alpha-diversity and increased risk of metabolic diseases, particularly obesity (OR = 1.51) and hypertension (OR = 1.49). Refined seven-enterotype clustering further stratified the Ruminococcus, Prevotella, and Bacteroides enterotypes into distinct subtypes, uncovering a novel high-risk Prevotella 2 (P2) enterotype associated with nearly two-fold increased risk of obesity and diabetes mellitus. The B2 and P2 enterotypes were characterized by reduced abundance of beneficial short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers (Faecalibacterium, Anaerostipes) and enrichment of opportunistic pathogens (Fusobacterium and Veillonella for B2, Megamonas and Megasphaera for P2). Microbial metabolic influence network analysis revealed enterotype-specific interaction patterns, with R1, R2, and P1 enterotypes demonstrating cooperative production of SCFAs and other metabolites, while B enterotypes displayed synergy in the production of a range of sugar compounds. These findings underscore the utility of refined enterotype clustering as a powerful tool to reveal previously unrecognized gut microbial patterns linked to metabolic risk. By identifying B2 and the newly characterized P2 enterotypes as high-risk microbial profiles, this study opens new avenues for microbiome-based stratification and early intervention in metabolic disease management.
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publishDate 2025-07-01
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spelling doaj-art-d2deaed8a58d48e1b60c740703e2be9d2025-08-20T03:42:49ZengBMCGut Pathogens1757-47492025-07-0117111110.1186/s13099-025-00730-3Bacteroides- and Prevotella-enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risksYi Rou Bah0Kairi Baba1Dayang Nurul Asyiqin Binte Mustafa2Satoshi Watanabe3Aya K. Takeda4Tomoya Yamashita5Kazuyuki Kasahara6Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological UniversityCykinso, Inc.Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological UniversityCykinso, Inc.Cykinso, Inc.Division of Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe UniversityLee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological UniversityAbstract The gut microbiome plays a critical role in human health through its influence on numerous physiological functions such as metabolism and immunity, with disruptions in microbial communities increasingly linked to metabolic disorders. In a large-scale cohort study in Japan, we investigated the association between gut microbiome profiles and metabolic health. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, four-enterotype clustering revealed that the Bacteroides 2 (B2) enterotype was associated with lower alpha-diversity and increased risk of metabolic diseases, particularly obesity (OR = 1.51) and hypertension (OR = 1.49). Refined seven-enterotype clustering further stratified the Ruminococcus, Prevotella, and Bacteroides enterotypes into distinct subtypes, uncovering a novel high-risk Prevotella 2 (P2) enterotype associated with nearly two-fold increased risk of obesity and diabetes mellitus. The B2 and P2 enterotypes were characterized by reduced abundance of beneficial short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers (Faecalibacterium, Anaerostipes) and enrichment of opportunistic pathogens (Fusobacterium and Veillonella for B2, Megamonas and Megasphaera for P2). Microbial metabolic influence network analysis revealed enterotype-specific interaction patterns, with R1, R2, and P1 enterotypes demonstrating cooperative production of SCFAs and other metabolites, while B enterotypes displayed synergy in the production of a range of sugar compounds. These findings underscore the utility of refined enterotype clustering as a powerful tool to reveal previously unrecognized gut microbial patterns linked to metabolic risk. By identifying B2 and the newly characterized P2 enterotypes as high-risk microbial profiles, this study opens new avenues for microbiome-based stratification and early intervention in metabolic disease management.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-025-00730-3MicrobiomeMetabolic diseaseEnterotypeBacteroidetesPrevotella
spellingShingle Yi Rou Bah
Kairi Baba
Dayang Nurul Asyiqin Binte Mustafa
Satoshi Watanabe
Aya K. Takeda
Tomoya Yamashita
Kazuyuki Kasahara
Bacteroides- and Prevotella-enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risks
Gut Pathogens
Microbiome
Metabolic disease
Enterotype
Bacteroidetes
Prevotella
title Bacteroides- and Prevotella-enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risks
title_full Bacteroides- and Prevotella-enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risks
title_fullStr Bacteroides- and Prevotella-enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risks
title_full_unstemmed Bacteroides- and Prevotella-enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risks
title_short Bacteroides- and Prevotella-enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risks
title_sort bacteroides and prevotella enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risks
topic Microbiome
Metabolic disease
Enterotype
Bacteroidetes
Prevotella
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-025-00730-3
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