Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma

Аsthma is associated with systemic inflammation, an important role in the development of which is played by lipid metabolism disorders, in particular, changes in the physiological balance of essential fatty acids (FAs). The balance of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids depends on their adequate e...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: O. Yu. Kytikova, T. P. Novgorodtseva, T. T. Bogomaz
Format: Article
Language:Russian
Published: Scientific Сentre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems 2025-07-01
Series:Acta Biomedica Scientifica
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4574
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849251475531759616
author O. Yu. Kytikova
T. P. Novgorodtseva
T. T. Bogomaz
author_facet O. Yu. Kytikova
T. P. Novgorodtseva
T. T. Bogomaz
author_sort O. Yu. Kytikova
collection DOAJ
description Аsthma is associated with systemic inflammation, an important role in the development of which is played by lipid metabolism disorders, in particular, changes in the physiological balance of essential fatty acids (FAs). The balance of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids depends on their adequate exogenous intake and endogenous processing with the participation of FA desaturases and elongase enzymes. Desaturases are encoded by FA desaturase genes (FADS), elongases by elongase genes (ELOVL). Most studies have focused on FADS gene polymorphisms that can alter the exogenous synthesis of PUFAs, which underlies the disruption of the formation of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators responsible for the development of chronic inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying the predisposition of carriers of polymorphic variants of FADS genes to the development of asthma are unknown. Evidence is emerging that ELOVL is involved in the pathophysiology of аsthma. Other genes associated with the development of аsthma, atopy, and PUFA metabolism have recently been discovered, the genes of members of the prolyl oligopeptidase family DPP10 and CD26/DPP4. Identification of carriers of these gene polymorphisms will allow to review and supply modern methods of treating asthma. The health effects of dietary ω3 and ω6 PUFAs may also vary depending on genetic variants in genes associated with PUFA metabolism. This raises the question of the need to study the genetic component in the formation of the body’s response to the development of systemic inflammation in asthma and methods of its correction through nutritional PUFAs. The aim. To summarize the current understanding of the association of polymorphism of FADS, ELOVL genes and other genes associated with PUFA metabolism with lipid metabolism disorders and their role in the development of аsthma based on an analysis of articles published before 2024 in the PubMed database.
format Article
id doaj-art-d178df3ec9db4d1fa4c0be763d22c909
institution Kabale University
issn 2541-9420
2587-9596
language Russian
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Scientific Сentre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems
record_format Article
series Acta Biomedica Scientifica
spelling doaj-art-d178df3ec9db4d1fa4c0be763d22c9092025-08-20T03:56:55ZrusScientific Сentre for Family Health and Human Reproduction ProblemsActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-95962025-07-01103596910.29413/ABS.2025-10.3.62900Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthmaO. Yu. Kytikova0T. P. Novgorodtseva1T. T. Bogomaz2Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative TreatmentVladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative TreatmentVladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative TreatmentАsthma is associated with systemic inflammation, an important role in the development of which is played by lipid metabolism disorders, in particular, changes in the physiological balance of essential fatty acids (FAs). The balance of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids depends on their adequate exogenous intake and endogenous processing with the participation of FA desaturases and elongase enzymes. Desaturases are encoded by FA desaturase genes (FADS), elongases by elongase genes (ELOVL). Most studies have focused on FADS gene polymorphisms that can alter the exogenous synthesis of PUFAs, which underlies the disruption of the formation of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators responsible for the development of chronic inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying the predisposition of carriers of polymorphic variants of FADS genes to the development of asthma are unknown. Evidence is emerging that ELOVL is involved in the pathophysiology of аsthma. Other genes associated with the development of аsthma, atopy, and PUFA metabolism have recently been discovered, the genes of members of the prolyl oligopeptidase family DPP10 and CD26/DPP4. Identification of carriers of these gene polymorphisms will allow to review and supply modern methods of treating asthma. The health effects of dietary ω3 and ω6 PUFAs may also vary depending on genetic variants in genes associated with PUFA metabolism. This raises the question of the need to study the genetic component in the formation of the body’s response to the development of systemic inflammation in asthma and methods of its correction through nutritional PUFAs. The aim. To summarize the current understanding of the association of polymorphism of FADS, ELOVL genes and other genes associated with PUFA metabolism with lipid metabolism disorders and their role in the development of аsthma based on an analysis of articles published before 2024 in the PubMed database.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4574fatty acidsfatty acid desaturase genesfatty acid elongase genesdpp10cd26/dpp4asthma
spellingShingle O. Yu. Kytikova
T. P. Novgorodtseva
T. T. Bogomaz
Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma
Acta Biomedica Scientifica
fatty acids
fatty acid desaturase genes
fatty acid elongase genes
dpp10
cd26/dpp4
asthma
title Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma
title_full Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma
title_fullStr Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma
title_full_unstemmed Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma
title_short Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma
title_sort genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma
topic fatty acids
fatty acid desaturase genes
fatty acid elongase genes
dpp10
cd26/dpp4
asthma
url https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4574
work_keys_str_mv AT oyukytikova geneticmechanismsofdisordersinthemetabolismofpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsinthedevelopmentofchronicinflammationinbronchialasthma
AT tpnovgorodtseva geneticmechanismsofdisordersinthemetabolismofpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsinthedevelopmentofchronicinflammationinbronchialasthma
AT ttbogomaz geneticmechanismsofdisordersinthemetabolismofpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsinthedevelopmentofchronicinflammationinbronchialasthma