Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma
Аsthma is associated with systemic inflammation, an important role in the development of which is played by lipid metabolism disorders, in particular, changes in the physiological balance of essential fatty acids (FAs). The balance of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids depends on their adequate e...
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Scientific Сentre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Acta Biomedica Scientifica |
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| Online Access: | https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4574 |
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| author | O. Yu. Kytikova T. P. Novgorodtseva T. T. Bogomaz |
| author_facet | O. Yu. Kytikova T. P. Novgorodtseva T. T. Bogomaz |
| author_sort | O. Yu. Kytikova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Аsthma is associated with systemic inflammation, an important role in the development of which is played by lipid metabolism disorders, in particular, changes in the physiological balance of essential fatty acids (FAs). The balance of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids depends on their adequate exogenous intake and endogenous processing with the participation of FA desaturases and elongase enzymes. Desaturases are encoded by FA desaturase genes (FADS), elongases by elongase genes (ELOVL). Most studies have focused on FADS gene polymorphisms that can alter the exogenous synthesis of PUFAs, which underlies the disruption of the formation of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators responsible for the development of chronic inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying the predisposition of carriers of polymorphic variants of FADS genes to the development of asthma are unknown. Evidence is emerging that ELOVL is involved in the pathophysiology of аsthma. Other genes associated with the development of аsthma, atopy, and PUFA metabolism have recently been discovered, the genes of members of the prolyl oligopeptidase family DPP10 and CD26/DPP4. Identification of carriers of these gene polymorphisms will allow to review and supply modern methods of treating asthma. The health effects of dietary ω3 and ω6 PUFAs may also vary depending on genetic variants in genes associated with PUFA metabolism. This raises the question of the need to study the genetic component in the formation of the body’s response to the development of systemic inflammation in asthma and methods of its correction through nutritional PUFAs. The aim. To summarize the current understanding of the association of polymorphism of FADS, ELOVL genes and other genes associated with PUFA metabolism with lipid metabolism disorders and their role in the development of аsthma based on an analysis of articles published before 2024 in the PubMed database. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d178df3ec9db4d1fa4c0be763d22c909 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2541-9420 2587-9596 |
| language | Russian |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Scientific Сentre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Biomedica Scientifica |
| spelling | doaj-art-d178df3ec9db4d1fa4c0be763d22c9092025-08-20T03:56:55ZrusScientific Сentre for Family Health and Human Reproduction ProblemsActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-95962025-07-01103596910.29413/ABS.2025-10.3.62900Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthmaO. Yu. Kytikova0T. P. Novgorodtseva1T. T. Bogomaz2Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative TreatmentVladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative TreatmentVladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative TreatmentАsthma is associated with systemic inflammation, an important role in the development of which is played by lipid metabolism disorders, in particular, changes in the physiological balance of essential fatty acids (FAs). The balance of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids depends on their adequate exogenous intake and endogenous processing with the participation of FA desaturases and elongase enzymes. Desaturases are encoded by FA desaturase genes (FADS), elongases by elongase genes (ELOVL). Most studies have focused on FADS gene polymorphisms that can alter the exogenous synthesis of PUFAs, which underlies the disruption of the formation of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators responsible for the development of chronic inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying the predisposition of carriers of polymorphic variants of FADS genes to the development of asthma are unknown. Evidence is emerging that ELOVL is involved in the pathophysiology of аsthma. Other genes associated with the development of аsthma, atopy, and PUFA metabolism have recently been discovered, the genes of members of the prolyl oligopeptidase family DPP10 and CD26/DPP4. Identification of carriers of these gene polymorphisms will allow to review and supply modern methods of treating asthma. The health effects of dietary ω3 and ω6 PUFAs may also vary depending on genetic variants in genes associated with PUFA metabolism. This raises the question of the need to study the genetic component in the formation of the body’s response to the development of systemic inflammation in asthma and methods of its correction through nutritional PUFAs. The aim. To summarize the current understanding of the association of polymorphism of FADS, ELOVL genes and other genes associated with PUFA metabolism with lipid metabolism disorders and their role in the development of аsthma based on an analysis of articles published before 2024 in the PubMed database.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4574fatty acidsfatty acid desaturase genesfatty acid elongase genesdpp10cd26/dpp4asthma |
| spellingShingle | O. Yu. Kytikova T. P. Novgorodtseva T. T. Bogomaz Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma Acta Biomedica Scientifica fatty acids fatty acid desaturase genes fatty acid elongase genes dpp10 cd26/dpp4 asthma |
| title | Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma |
| title_full | Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma |
| title_fullStr | Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma |
| title_short | Genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma |
| title_sort | genetic mechanisms of disorders in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma |
| topic | fatty acids fatty acid desaturase genes fatty acid elongase genes dpp10 cd26/dpp4 asthma |
| url | https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4574 |
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