Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against viral diseases in swine

Viral infections in swine, such as African swine fever (ASF), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), have a significant impact on the swine industry. Despite the significant progress in the recent efforts to develop effective vaccines against viral di...

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Main Authors: Xiaowei Chen, Yongfeng Li, Xiao Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-12-01
Series:Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1497580/full
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author Xiaowei Chen
Xiaowei Chen
Yongfeng Li
Xiao Wang
author_facet Xiaowei Chen
Xiaowei Chen
Yongfeng Li
Xiao Wang
author_sort Xiaowei Chen
collection DOAJ
description Viral infections in swine, such as African swine fever (ASF), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), have a significant impact on the swine industry. Despite the significant progress in the recent efforts to develop effective vaccines against viral diseases in swine, the search for new protective vaccination strategy remains a challenge. The antigenic epitope, acting as a fundamental unit, can initiate either a cellular or humoral immune response. Consequently, the combination of multi-epitopes expressing different stages of viral life cycle has become an optimal strategy for acquiring a potent, safe, and effective vaccine for preventing and treating viral diseases in swine. Recent progresses in immunoinformatic tools, coupled with an understanding of host immune responses and computational biology, have paved the way for innovative vaccine design disciplines that focus on computer-assisted, in-silico epitope prediction for the prevention of viral diseases in swine. The concept of multi-epitope vaccines driven by immunoinformatic methods has gained prominence in multiple studies, particularly in the development of vaccines targeting conserved epitopes in variable or rapidly mutating pathogens such as African swine fever virus (ASFV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). In this review, we provide an overview of the in-silico design of the multi-epitope vaccines against viral diseases in swine, including the antigenicity, structural quality analysis, immune simulations, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Furthermore, we also enumerate several multi-epitope vaccine applications that have shown promise to be against viral diseases in swine.
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spelling doaj-art-cf61969878d84a97bff7db9ef28c05a52025-08-20T02:32:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882024-12-011410.3389/fcimb.2024.14975801497580Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against viral diseases in swineXiaowei Chen0Xiaowei Chen1Yongfeng Li2Xiao Wang3School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, ChinaMedicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, ChinaSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, ChinaViral infections in swine, such as African swine fever (ASF), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), have a significant impact on the swine industry. Despite the significant progress in the recent efforts to develop effective vaccines against viral diseases in swine, the search for new protective vaccination strategy remains a challenge. The antigenic epitope, acting as a fundamental unit, can initiate either a cellular or humoral immune response. Consequently, the combination of multi-epitopes expressing different stages of viral life cycle has become an optimal strategy for acquiring a potent, safe, and effective vaccine for preventing and treating viral diseases in swine. Recent progresses in immunoinformatic tools, coupled with an understanding of host immune responses and computational biology, have paved the way for innovative vaccine design disciplines that focus on computer-assisted, in-silico epitope prediction for the prevention of viral diseases in swine. The concept of multi-epitope vaccines driven by immunoinformatic methods has gained prominence in multiple studies, particularly in the development of vaccines targeting conserved epitopes in variable or rapidly mutating pathogens such as African swine fever virus (ASFV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). In this review, we provide an overview of the in-silico design of the multi-epitope vaccines against viral diseases in swine, including the antigenicity, structural quality analysis, immune simulations, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Furthermore, we also enumerate several multi-epitope vaccine applications that have shown promise to be against viral diseases in swine.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1497580/fullviral diseases in swinein-silico designmentmulti-epitope vaccinesimmunoinformaticsimmunity
spellingShingle Xiaowei Chen
Xiaowei Chen
Yongfeng Li
Xiao Wang
Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against viral diseases in swine
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
viral diseases in swine
in-silico designment
multi-epitope vaccines
immunoinformatics
immunity
title Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against viral diseases in swine
title_full Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against viral diseases in swine
title_fullStr Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against viral diseases in swine
title_full_unstemmed Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against viral diseases in swine
title_short Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against viral diseases in swine
title_sort multi epitope vaccines a promising strategy against viral diseases in swine
topic viral diseases in swine
in-silico designment
multi-epitope vaccines
immunoinformatics
immunity
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1497580/full
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