Optimization of Deoxynivalenol Removal from Wheat Grains Using Single- and Multi-Frequency Ultrasound and Impact on Quality Characteristics
This study systematically investigated the efficacy of ultrasound technology in removing deoxynivalenol (DON, also known as vomitoxin) from contaminated wheat grains and its impact on grain quality. By applying different ultrasonic frequencies (single-frequency 22 kHz, dual-frequency 22/40 kHz, and...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1085 |
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| author | Bengang Wu Chenyu Song Shenao Nan Baosheng Sun Haile Ma Yiting Guo |
| author_facet | Bengang Wu Chenyu Song Shenao Nan Baosheng Sun Haile Ma Yiting Guo |
| author_sort | Bengang Wu |
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| description | This study systematically investigated the efficacy of ultrasound technology in removing deoxynivalenol (DON, also known as vomitoxin) from contaminated wheat grains and its impact on grain quality. By applying different ultrasonic frequencies (single-frequency 22 kHz, dual-frequency 22/40 kHz, and tri-frequency 22/33/40 kHz) and treatment durations (10–40 min), the removal efficiency of DON and changes in quality characteristics—including moisture content, weight gain, solid loss, color, hardness, and viscosity—were analyzed. Experimental results demonstrated that dual-frequency ultrasound (22/40 kHz) achieved the highest DON removal rate (25.84%) after 40 min, significantly outperforming single- and tri-frequency treatments. Ultrasound treatment increased the moisture content and weight of wheat grains, reduced hardness (though without significant differences), and affected color and viscosity. This study revealed that multi-frequency ultrasound enhances DON removal through synergistic cavitation effects, with dual-frequency ultrasound offering a superior balance between removal efficiency and energy consumption. This research provides a theoretical foundation and technical references for the safe and efficient elimination of DON contamination in wheat. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cf460a7f9c564f7abd0be4b50e8ffa1d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj-art-cf460a7f9c564f7abd0be4b50e8ffa1d2025-08-20T03:14:32ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722025-05-011510108510.3390/agriculture15101085Optimization of Deoxynivalenol Removal from Wheat Grains Using Single- and Multi-Frequency Ultrasound and Impact on Quality CharacteristicsBengang Wu0Chenyu Song1Shenao Nan2Baosheng Sun3Haile Ma4Yiting Guo5School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaTaizhou Grain and Oil Quality Testing Institute, 10, Hongqi Avenue West, Taizhou 225300, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaThis study systematically investigated the efficacy of ultrasound technology in removing deoxynivalenol (DON, also known as vomitoxin) from contaminated wheat grains and its impact on grain quality. By applying different ultrasonic frequencies (single-frequency 22 kHz, dual-frequency 22/40 kHz, and tri-frequency 22/33/40 kHz) and treatment durations (10–40 min), the removal efficiency of DON and changes in quality characteristics—including moisture content, weight gain, solid loss, color, hardness, and viscosity—were analyzed. Experimental results demonstrated that dual-frequency ultrasound (22/40 kHz) achieved the highest DON removal rate (25.84%) after 40 min, significantly outperforming single- and tri-frequency treatments. Ultrasound treatment increased the moisture content and weight of wheat grains, reduced hardness (though without significant differences), and affected color and viscosity. This study revealed that multi-frequency ultrasound enhances DON removal through synergistic cavitation effects, with dual-frequency ultrasound offering a superior balance between removal efficiency and energy consumption. This research provides a theoretical foundation and technical references for the safe and efficient elimination of DON contamination in wheat.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1085DONultrasonic technologywheat grainssynergistic multi-frequency ultrasound effectquality characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Bengang Wu Chenyu Song Shenao Nan Baosheng Sun Haile Ma Yiting Guo Optimization of Deoxynivalenol Removal from Wheat Grains Using Single- and Multi-Frequency Ultrasound and Impact on Quality Characteristics Agriculture DON ultrasonic technology wheat grains synergistic multi-frequency ultrasound effect quality characteristics |
| title | Optimization of Deoxynivalenol Removal from Wheat Grains Using Single- and Multi-Frequency Ultrasound and Impact on Quality Characteristics |
| title_full | Optimization of Deoxynivalenol Removal from Wheat Grains Using Single- and Multi-Frequency Ultrasound and Impact on Quality Characteristics |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of Deoxynivalenol Removal from Wheat Grains Using Single- and Multi-Frequency Ultrasound and Impact on Quality Characteristics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of Deoxynivalenol Removal from Wheat Grains Using Single- and Multi-Frequency Ultrasound and Impact on Quality Characteristics |
| title_short | Optimization of Deoxynivalenol Removal from Wheat Grains Using Single- and Multi-Frequency Ultrasound and Impact on Quality Characteristics |
| title_sort | optimization of deoxynivalenol removal from wheat grains using single and multi frequency ultrasound and impact on quality characteristics |
| topic | DON ultrasonic technology wheat grains synergistic multi-frequency ultrasound effect quality characteristics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1085 |
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