Proteases from Entamoeba spp. and Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae as Virulence Factors
The standard reference for pathogenic and nonpathogenic amoebae is the human parasite Entamoeba histolytica; a direct correlation between virulence and protease expression has been demonstrated for this amoeba. Traditionally, proteases are considered virulence factors, including those that produce c...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/890603 |
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| _version_ | 1850175179030790144 |
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| author | Jesús Serrano-Luna Carolina Piña-Vázquez Magda Reyes-López Guillermo Ortiz-Estrada Mireya de la Garza |
| author_facet | Jesús Serrano-Luna Carolina Piña-Vázquez Magda Reyes-López Guillermo Ortiz-Estrada Mireya de la Garza |
| author_sort | Jesús Serrano-Luna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The standard reference for pathogenic and nonpathogenic amoebae is the human parasite Entamoeba histolytica; a direct correlation between virulence and protease expression has been demonstrated for this amoeba. Traditionally, proteases are considered virulence factors, including those that produce cytopathic effects in the host or that have been implicated in manipulating the immune response. Here, we expand the scope to other amoebae, including less-pathogenic Entamoeba species and highly pathogenic free-living amoebae. In this paper, proteases that affect mucin, extracellular matrix, immune system components, and diverse tissues and cells are included, based on studies in amoebic cultures and animal models. We also include proteases used by amoebae to degrade iron-containing proteins because iron scavenger capacity is currently considered a virulence factor for pathogens. In addition, proteases that have a role in adhesion and encystation, which are essential for establishing and transmitting infection, are discussed. The study of proteases and their specific inhibitors is relevant to the search for new therapeutic targets and to increase the power of drugs used to treat the diseases caused by these complex microorganisms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cf0113ebe80f45f3a7aa5abcf435c520 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1687-9686 1687-9694 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-cf0113ebe80f45f3a7aa5abcf435c5202025-08-20T02:19:30ZengWileyJournal of Tropical Medicine1687-96861687-96942013-01-01201310.1155/2013/890603890603Proteases from Entamoeba spp. and Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae as Virulence FactorsJesús Serrano-Luna0Carolina Piña-Vázquez1Magda Reyes-López2Guillermo Ortiz-Estrada3Mireya de la Garza4Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360 México, DF, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360 México, DF, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360 México, DF, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360 México, DF, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360 México, DF, MexicoThe standard reference for pathogenic and nonpathogenic amoebae is the human parasite Entamoeba histolytica; a direct correlation between virulence and protease expression has been demonstrated for this amoeba. Traditionally, proteases are considered virulence factors, including those that produce cytopathic effects in the host or that have been implicated in manipulating the immune response. Here, we expand the scope to other amoebae, including less-pathogenic Entamoeba species and highly pathogenic free-living amoebae. In this paper, proteases that affect mucin, extracellular matrix, immune system components, and diverse tissues and cells are included, based on studies in amoebic cultures and animal models. We also include proteases used by amoebae to degrade iron-containing proteins because iron scavenger capacity is currently considered a virulence factor for pathogens. In addition, proteases that have a role in adhesion and encystation, which are essential for establishing and transmitting infection, are discussed. The study of proteases and their specific inhibitors is relevant to the search for new therapeutic targets and to increase the power of drugs used to treat the diseases caused by these complex microorganisms.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/890603 |
| spellingShingle | Jesús Serrano-Luna Carolina Piña-Vázquez Magda Reyes-López Guillermo Ortiz-Estrada Mireya de la Garza Proteases from Entamoeba spp. and Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae as Virulence Factors Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| title | Proteases from Entamoeba spp. and Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae as Virulence Factors |
| title_full | Proteases from Entamoeba spp. and Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae as Virulence Factors |
| title_fullStr | Proteases from Entamoeba spp. and Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae as Virulence Factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proteases from Entamoeba spp. and Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae as Virulence Factors |
| title_short | Proteases from Entamoeba spp. and Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae as Virulence Factors |
| title_sort | proteases from entamoeba spp and pathogenic free living amoebae as virulence factors |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/890603 |
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