Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>
Background: Biofilm formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) helps bacteria survive antibiotic exposure and supports bacterial colonization and persistence in the stomach. Most of the published articles have focused on one aspect of the biofilm. Therefore, w...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-10-01
|
| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/10/976 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850205492369948672 |
|---|---|
| author | Kartika Afrida Fauzia Wiwin Is Effendi Ricky Indra Alfaray Hoda M. Malaty Yoshio Yamaoka Muhammad Mifthussurur |
| author_facet | Kartika Afrida Fauzia Wiwin Is Effendi Ricky Indra Alfaray Hoda M. Malaty Yoshio Yamaoka Muhammad Mifthussurur |
| author_sort | Kartika Afrida Fauzia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Biofilm formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) helps bacteria survive antibiotic exposure and supports bacterial colonization and persistence in the stomach. Most of the published articles have focused on one aspect of the biofilm. Therefore, we conducted the current study to better understand the mechanism of biofilm formation, how the biofilm contributes to antibiotic resistance, and how the biofilm modifies the medication delivery mechanism. Methods: We conducted a literature review analysis of the published articles on the <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> biofilm between 1998 and 2024 from the PubMed database to retrieve eligible articles. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two hundred and seventy-three articles were eligible for our study. Results: The results showed that biofilm formation starts as adhesion and progresses through micro-colonies, maturation, and dispersion in a planktonic form. Moreover, specific genes modulate each phase of biofilm formation. Few studies have shown that mechanisms, such as quorum sensing and diffusible signal factors, enhance coordination among bacteria when switching from biofilm to planktonic states. Different protein expressions were also observed between planktonic and biofilm strains, and the biofilm architecture was supported by exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, and outer membrane vesicles. Conclusions: This infrastructure is responsible for the increased survival of bacteria, especially in harsh environments or in the presence of antibiotics. Therefore, understanding the biofilm formation for <i>H. pylori</i> is crucial. This study illustrates biofilm formation in <i>H. pylori</i> to help improve the treatment of <i>H. pylori</i> infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cdfc87e6cf2041e58edc9a7fdbbf8dca |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj-art-cdfc87e6cf2041e58edc9a7fdbbf8dca2025-08-20T02:11:04ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822024-10-01131097610.3390/antibiotics13100976Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Kartika Afrida Fauzia0Wiwin Is Effendi1Ricky Indra Alfaray2Hoda M. Malaty3Yoshio Yamaoka4Muhammad Mifthussurur5Research Center for Preclinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16915, IndonesiaDepartment of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, IndonesiaDepartment of Environmental and Preventive Medicine—The Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Disease (RCGLID), Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, JapanDepartment of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Environmental and Preventive Medicine—The Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Disease (RCGLID), Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, IndonesiaBackground: Biofilm formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) helps bacteria survive antibiotic exposure and supports bacterial colonization and persistence in the stomach. Most of the published articles have focused on one aspect of the biofilm. Therefore, we conducted the current study to better understand the mechanism of biofilm formation, how the biofilm contributes to antibiotic resistance, and how the biofilm modifies the medication delivery mechanism. Methods: We conducted a literature review analysis of the published articles on the <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> biofilm between 1998 and 2024 from the PubMed database to retrieve eligible articles. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two hundred and seventy-three articles were eligible for our study. Results: The results showed that biofilm formation starts as adhesion and progresses through micro-colonies, maturation, and dispersion in a planktonic form. Moreover, specific genes modulate each phase of biofilm formation. Few studies have shown that mechanisms, such as quorum sensing and diffusible signal factors, enhance coordination among bacteria when switching from biofilm to planktonic states. Different protein expressions were also observed between planktonic and biofilm strains, and the biofilm architecture was supported by exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, and outer membrane vesicles. Conclusions: This infrastructure is responsible for the increased survival of bacteria, especially in harsh environments or in the presence of antibiotics. Therefore, understanding the biofilm formation for <i>H. pylori</i> is crucial. This study illustrates biofilm formation in <i>H. pylori</i> to help improve the treatment of <i>H. pylori</i> infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/10/976biofilm formation<i>H. pylori</i>infectiontreatmenthuman and health |
| spellingShingle | Kartika Afrida Fauzia Wiwin Is Effendi Ricky Indra Alfaray Hoda M. Malaty Yoshio Yamaoka Muhammad Mifthussurur Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Antibiotics biofilm formation <i>H. pylori</i> infection treatment human and health |
| title | Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> |
| title_full | Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> |
| title_short | Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> |
| title_sort | molecular mechanisms of biofilm formation in i helicobacter pylori i |
| topic | biofilm formation <i>H. pylori</i> infection treatment human and health |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/10/976 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kartikaafridafauzia molecularmechanismsofbiofilmformationinihelicobacterpylorii AT wiwiniseffendi molecularmechanismsofbiofilmformationinihelicobacterpylorii AT rickyindraalfaray molecularmechanismsofbiofilmformationinihelicobacterpylorii AT hodammalaty molecularmechanismsofbiofilmformationinihelicobacterpylorii AT yoshioyamaoka molecularmechanismsofbiofilmformationinihelicobacterpylorii AT muhammadmifthussurur molecularmechanismsofbiofilmformationinihelicobacterpylorii |