Measuring the Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Hospital Jitra: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) develops in approximately 40% of patients with diabetes. The prevalence of CKD in Malaysia is 9.07% among adults. It is important to obtain accurate local data on CKD among patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients to facilitate health-care pla...

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Main Authors: Norazila Abdul Ghani, Sharifah Nor Faiza Syed Hassan, Rusyidah Zainol Abidin, Zarmisha Zakaria, Fatin Farhana Ahmad Nasir, Ahmad Zulfitri Azmi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of Pharmacy
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Online Access:https://journals.iium.edu.my/ktn/index.php/jp/article/view/331
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author Norazila Abdul Ghani
Sharifah Nor Faiza Syed Hassan
Rusyidah Zainol Abidin
Zarmisha Zakaria
Fatin Farhana Ahmad Nasir
Ahmad Zulfitri Azmi
author_facet Norazila Abdul Ghani
Sharifah Nor Faiza Syed Hassan
Rusyidah Zainol Abidin
Zarmisha Zakaria
Fatin Farhana Ahmad Nasir
Ahmad Zulfitri Azmi
author_sort Norazila Abdul Ghani
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) develops in approximately 40% of patients with diabetes. The prevalence of CKD in Malaysia is 9.07% among adults. It is important to obtain accurate local data on CKD among patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients to facilitate health-care planning including the review of health-care priorities, program activities, and allocation of resources. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of CKD among DM. We further explored the association between glycaemic control, eGFR and adverse outcomes (cardiovascular events, hospitalizations, and kidney failure) among these patients. Materials and method: This is a retrospective cohort study involving 91 DM patients who received treatment in Hospital Jitra, Kedah, Malaysia. Patients’ demographic data, comorbidities, history of hospital admission, medications, complication, and laboratory test results were retrieved from their medical record. Descriptive and inferential statistics have been used to analyse the data. Results: 60.4% of the patients were female and 85.7% Malay with mean age of 62.15 years old. Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and heart disease were the most common comorbidities among them; 92.3%, 78.0%, and 23.1%, respectively. The prevalence of CKD among DM in Hospital Jitra was 38.46%. 20.9% of the patients experienced diabetic complications and 49.5% showed a progression of kidney disease. The results indicate a high percentage of poor glycaemic control among DM in Hospital Jitra; 69%-100% of the patients had HbA1c >7% at each visit and this is associated with CKD (P=0.042). Conclusion: The prevalence of CKD among DM patients at Hospital Jitra was 38.46%. Higher HbA1c was associated with CKD in adults with type DM, suggesting that improving glycaemic control may reduce the risk of CKD.
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spelling doaj-art-cdef5763e5204f00a0b3b06afb9548b62025-01-31T01:08:57ZengIIUM Press, International Islamic University MalaysiaJournal of Pharmacy2773-56642025-01-015110.31436/jop.v5i1.331Measuring the Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Hospital Jitra: A Population-Based Cohort StudyNorazila Abdul Ghani0Sharifah Nor Faiza Syed Hassan1Rusyidah Zainol Abidin2Zarmisha Zakaria3Fatin Farhana Ahmad Nasir4Ahmad Zulfitri Azmi5Department of Pharmacy, Hospital JitraDepartment of Pharmacy, Hospital JitraDepartment of Pharmacy, Hospital SikDepartment of Pharmacy, Hospital JitraDepartment of Pharmacy, Hospital JitraDepartment of Medical, Hospital Jitra Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) develops in approximately 40% of patients with diabetes. The prevalence of CKD in Malaysia is 9.07% among adults. It is important to obtain accurate local data on CKD among patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients to facilitate health-care planning including the review of health-care priorities, program activities, and allocation of resources. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of CKD among DM. We further explored the association between glycaemic control, eGFR and adverse outcomes (cardiovascular events, hospitalizations, and kidney failure) among these patients. Materials and method: This is a retrospective cohort study involving 91 DM patients who received treatment in Hospital Jitra, Kedah, Malaysia. Patients’ demographic data, comorbidities, history of hospital admission, medications, complication, and laboratory test results were retrieved from their medical record. Descriptive and inferential statistics have been used to analyse the data. Results: 60.4% of the patients were female and 85.7% Malay with mean age of 62.15 years old. Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and heart disease were the most common comorbidities among them; 92.3%, 78.0%, and 23.1%, respectively. The prevalence of CKD among DM in Hospital Jitra was 38.46%. 20.9% of the patients experienced diabetic complications and 49.5% showed a progression of kidney disease. The results indicate a high percentage of poor glycaemic control among DM in Hospital Jitra; 69%-100% of the patients had HbA1c >7% at each visit and this is associated with CKD (P=0.042). Conclusion: The prevalence of CKD among DM patients at Hospital Jitra was 38.46%. Higher HbA1c was associated with CKD in adults with type DM, suggesting that improving glycaemic control may reduce the risk of CKD. https://journals.iium.edu.my/ktn/index.php/jp/article/view/331 Chronic Kidney DiseaseDiabetes MellitusPrevalenceDiabetes Complication
spellingShingle Norazila Abdul Ghani
Sharifah Nor Faiza Syed Hassan
Rusyidah Zainol Abidin
Zarmisha Zakaria
Fatin Farhana Ahmad Nasir
Ahmad Zulfitri Azmi
Measuring the Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Hospital Jitra: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Journal of Pharmacy
Chronic Kidney Disease
Diabetes Mellitus
Prevalence
Diabetes Complication
title Measuring the Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Hospital Jitra: A Population-Based Cohort Study
title_full Measuring the Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Hospital Jitra: A Population-Based Cohort Study
title_fullStr Measuring the Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Hospital Jitra: A Population-Based Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Measuring the Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Hospital Jitra: A Population-Based Cohort Study
title_short Measuring the Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Hospital Jitra: A Population-Based Cohort Study
title_sort measuring the prevalence of chronic kidney disease among type 2 diabetes mellitus patient in hospital jitra a population based cohort study
topic Chronic Kidney Disease
Diabetes Mellitus
Prevalence
Diabetes Complication
url https://journals.iium.edu.my/ktn/index.php/jp/article/view/331
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