Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Adaptive Immune Response in a Cohort of Mild Mpox Patients During the 2022 Wave
Our study wanted to describe the kinetics of serological and adaptive immune responses in mpox patients. Methods: Fourteen patients with laboratory-confirmed mpox were tested at different time points after the symptom onset. An immunofluorescence assay was performed to evaluate the seroconversion ki...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Sara Caldrer Silvia Accordini Annalisa Donini Natasha Gianesini Andrea Matucci Antonio Mori Cristina Mazzi Maddalena Cordioli Evelina Tacconelli Niccolò Ronzoni Andrea Angheben Chiara Piubelli Federico Gobbi Concetta Castilletti |
| author_facet | Sara Caldrer Silvia Accordini Annalisa Donini Natasha Gianesini Andrea Matucci Antonio Mori Cristina Mazzi Maddalena Cordioli Evelina Tacconelli Niccolò Ronzoni Andrea Angheben Chiara Piubelli Federico Gobbi Concetta Castilletti |
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| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Our study wanted to describe the kinetics of serological and adaptive immune responses in mpox patients. Methods: Fourteen patients with laboratory-confirmed mpox were tested at different time points after the symptom onset. An immunofluorescence assay was performed to evaluate the seroconversion kinetics of specific IgA, IgM, and IgG. Moreover, the characterization of the adaptive immunological profile of T- and B-cells was performed. Results: The antibody kinetics revealed the faster and more effective seroconversion of specific IgA than IgM. Moreover, we detected an increase in Active memory B cells and CD8+ cells in the early phases of infection, and a reduction in CD4+ T-cells in the mpox patients with respect to the controls and found the presence of higher levels of Treg cells in the HIV+ patients in the early phase of infection. Conclusion: Our data highlight the relevance of specific IgA testing early after the symptom onset, suggesting a possible role as a marker in early diagnosis, especially in close contact subjects. Furthermore, the different maturation states of effector cells in HIV+ patients, together with high Treg levels, may lead us to better understand the role of MPXV-HIV co-infection and identify potential cellular markers to monitor the excessive immune activation involved in mpox disease progression. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cda80cf725b34e979ae90efbc3648148 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-cda80cf725b34e979ae90efbc36481482025-08-20T02:45:00ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-02-0113235510.3390/microorganisms13020355Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Adaptive Immune Response in a Cohort of Mild Mpox Patients During the 2022 WaveSara Caldrer0Silvia Accordini1Annalisa Donini2Natasha Gianesini3Andrea Matucci4Antonio Mori5Cristina Mazzi6Maddalena Cordioli7Evelina Tacconelli8Niccolò Ronzoni9Andrea Angheben10Chiara Piubelli11Federico Gobbi12Concetta Castilletti13IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyCentre for Clinical Research, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, ItalyDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, 37134 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyIRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, ItalyOur study wanted to describe the kinetics of serological and adaptive immune responses in mpox patients. Methods: Fourteen patients with laboratory-confirmed mpox were tested at different time points after the symptom onset. An immunofluorescence assay was performed to evaluate the seroconversion kinetics of specific IgA, IgM, and IgG. Moreover, the characterization of the adaptive immunological profile of T- and B-cells was performed. Results: The antibody kinetics revealed the faster and more effective seroconversion of specific IgA than IgM. Moreover, we detected an increase in Active memory B cells and CD8+ cells in the early phases of infection, and a reduction in CD4+ T-cells in the mpox patients with respect to the controls and found the presence of higher levels of Treg cells in the HIV+ patients in the early phase of infection. Conclusion: Our data highlight the relevance of specific IgA testing early after the symptom onset, suggesting a possible role as a marker in early diagnosis, especially in close contact subjects. Furthermore, the different maturation states of effector cells in HIV+ patients, together with high Treg levels, may lead us to better understand the role of MPXV-HIV co-infection and identify potential cellular markers to monitor the excessive immune activation involved in mpox disease progression.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/355mpoxnon-endemic countriesIgA levelsantibody kineticscellular immunityHIV |
| spellingShingle | Sara Caldrer Silvia Accordini Annalisa Donini Natasha Gianesini Andrea Matucci Antonio Mori Cristina Mazzi Maddalena Cordioli Evelina Tacconelli Niccolò Ronzoni Andrea Angheben Chiara Piubelli Federico Gobbi Concetta Castilletti Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Adaptive Immune Response in a Cohort of Mild Mpox Patients During the 2022 Wave Microorganisms mpox non-endemic countries IgA levels antibody kinetics cellular immunity HIV |
| title | Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Adaptive Immune Response in a Cohort of Mild Mpox Patients During the 2022 Wave |
| title_full | Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Adaptive Immune Response in a Cohort of Mild Mpox Patients During the 2022 Wave |
| title_fullStr | Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Adaptive Immune Response in a Cohort of Mild Mpox Patients During the 2022 Wave |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Adaptive Immune Response in a Cohort of Mild Mpox Patients During the 2022 Wave |
| title_short | Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Adaptive Immune Response in a Cohort of Mild Mpox Patients During the 2022 Wave |
| title_sort | early diagnosis and monitoring of adaptive immune response in a cohort of mild mpox patients during the 2022 wave |
| topic | mpox non-endemic countries IgA levels antibody kinetics cellular immunity HIV |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/355 |
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