Neutrophil Leukocyte: Combustive Microbicidal Action and Chemiluminescence
Neutrophil leukocytes protect against a varied and complex array of microbes by providing microbicidal action that is simple, potent, and focused. Neutrophils provide such action via redox reactions that change the frontier orbitals of oxygen (O2) facilitating combustion. The spin conservation rules...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/794072 |
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| author | Robert C. Allen |
| author_facet | Robert C. Allen |
| author_sort | Robert C. Allen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neutrophil leukocytes protect against a varied and complex array of microbes by providing microbicidal action that is simple, potent, and focused. Neutrophils provide such action via redox reactions that change the frontier orbitals of oxygen (O2) facilitating combustion. The spin conservation rules define the symmetry barrier that prevents direct reaction of diradical O2 with nonradical molecules, explaining why combustion is not spontaneous. In burning, the spin barrier is overcome when energy causes homolytic bond cleavage producing radicals capable of reacting with diradical O2 to yield oxygenated radical products that further participate in reactive propagation. Neutrophil mediated combustion is by a different pathway. Changing the spin quantum state of O2 removes the symmetry restriction to reaction. Electronically excited singlet molecular oxygen (O2*1) is a potent electrophilic reactant with a finite lifetime that restricts its radius of reactivity and focuses combustive action on the target microbe. The resulting exergonic dioxygenation reactions produce electronically excited carbonyls that relax by light emission, that is, chemiluminescence. This overview of neutrophil combustive microbicidal action takes the perspectives of spin conservation and bosonic-fermionic frontier orbital considerations. The necessary principles of particle physics and quantum mechanics are developed and integrated into a fundamental explanation of neutrophil microbicidal metabolism. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cd2bc9cf754e4e2da2da11d2852604d3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-cd2bc9cf754e4e2da2da11d2852604d32025-02-03T01:02:41ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562015-01-01201510.1155/2015/794072794072Neutrophil Leukocyte: Combustive Microbicidal Action and ChemiluminescenceRobert C. Allen0Department of Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68131, USANeutrophil leukocytes protect against a varied and complex array of microbes by providing microbicidal action that is simple, potent, and focused. Neutrophils provide such action via redox reactions that change the frontier orbitals of oxygen (O2) facilitating combustion. The spin conservation rules define the symmetry barrier that prevents direct reaction of diradical O2 with nonradical molecules, explaining why combustion is not spontaneous. In burning, the spin barrier is overcome when energy causes homolytic bond cleavage producing radicals capable of reacting with diradical O2 to yield oxygenated radical products that further participate in reactive propagation. Neutrophil mediated combustion is by a different pathway. Changing the spin quantum state of O2 removes the symmetry restriction to reaction. Electronically excited singlet molecular oxygen (O2*1) is a potent electrophilic reactant with a finite lifetime that restricts its radius of reactivity and focuses combustive action on the target microbe. The resulting exergonic dioxygenation reactions produce electronically excited carbonyls that relax by light emission, that is, chemiluminescence. This overview of neutrophil combustive microbicidal action takes the perspectives of spin conservation and bosonic-fermionic frontier orbital considerations. The necessary principles of particle physics and quantum mechanics are developed and integrated into a fundamental explanation of neutrophil microbicidal metabolism.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/794072 |
| spellingShingle | Robert C. Allen Neutrophil Leukocyte: Combustive Microbicidal Action and Chemiluminescence Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Neutrophil Leukocyte: Combustive Microbicidal Action and Chemiluminescence |
| title_full | Neutrophil Leukocyte: Combustive Microbicidal Action and Chemiluminescence |
| title_fullStr | Neutrophil Leukocyte: Combustive Microbicidal Action and Chemiluminescence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neutrophil Leukocyte: Combustive Microbicidal Action and Chemiluminescence |
| title_short | Neutrophil Leukocyte: Combustive Microbicidal Action and Chemiluminescence |
| title_sort | neutrophil leukocyte combustive microbicidal action and chemiluminescence |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/794072 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT robertcallen neutrophilleukocytecombustivemicrobicidalactionandchemiluminescence |