The Arabidopsis RING‐Type E3 Ligase TEAR4 Controls Seed Germination by Targeting RGA for Degradation
Abstract Light and DELLA proteins are central factors controlling seed germination which is critical for seed plant survival and agricultural production. However, the mechanisms underlying DELLA degradation under different light conditions during seed germination remain to be clarified. Here, it is...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202400116 |
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| author | Hao Yu Yutao Wang Yi Wang Xing Wang Deng Genji Qin |
| author_facet | Hao Yu Yutao Wang Yi Wang Xing Wang Deng Genji Qin |
| author_sort | Hao Yu |
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| description | Abstract Light and DELLA proteins are central factors controlling seed germination which is critical for seed plant survival and agricultural production. However, the mechanisms underlying DELLA degradation under different light conditions during seed germination remain to be clarified. Here, it is reported that TIE1‐ASSOCIATED RING‐TYPE E3 LIGASE4 (TEAR4) and other TEARs redundantly promote DELLA degradation to positively regulate seed germination in Arabidopsis. The tear1/2/3/4/5/6 sextuple mutant displayed delayed seed germination under the white or PhyB‐dependent light condition, and nearly no seed germination under the PhyA‐dependent light condition. The DELLA protein REPRESSOR OF ga1‐3 (RGA) accumulated in tear1/2/3/4/5/6, and disruption of RGA and GA‐INSENSITIVE (GAI) in tear1/2/3/4/5/6 rescued defective seed germination. Far‐red (FR) light rapidly induced TEARs, and TEAR4 is shown to act as an E3 ligase. It is showed that both GA‐dependent and TEAR‐mediated DELLA degradation pathways are indispensable for PhyA‐dependent germination. It is found that TEAR homologs PpTEAR1 and PpTEAR2 from the moss Physcomitrium patens interacted with Arabidopsis DELLAs to promote their degradation, and overexpression of PpTEAR1 or PpTEAR2 completely rescued defective PhyA‐dependent seed germination in phya‐211. This findings demonstrate that TEARs act as critical players in fine‐tuning seed germination, and TEAR‐mediated DELLA degradation might be an ancient pathway conserved in plant kingdom. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-ccca84c83b454543aaa89bd297c854812025-01-29T09:50:18ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442025-01-01124n/an/a10.1002/advs.202400116The Arabidopsis RING‐Type E3 Ligase TEAR4 Controls Seed Germination by Targeting RGA for DegradationHao Yu0Yutao Wang1Yi Wang2Xing Wang Deng3Genji Qin4State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Weifang Shandong 261325 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 ChinaAbstract Light and DELLA proteins are central factors controlling seed germination which is critical for seed plant survival and agricultural production. However, the mechanisms underlying DELLA degradation under different light conditions during seed germination remain to be clarified. Here, it is reported that TIE1‐ASSOCIATED RING‐TYPE E3 LIGASE4 (TEAR4) and other TEARs redundantly promote DELLA degradation to positively regulate seed germination in Arabidopsis. The tear1/2/3/4/5/6 sextuple mutant displayed delayed seed germination under the white or PhyB‐dependent light condition, and nearly no seed germination under the PhyA‐dependent light condition. The DELLA protein REPRESSOR OF ga1‐3 (RGA) accumulated in tear1/2/3/4/5/6, and disruption of RGA and GA‐INSENSITIVE (GAI) in tear1/2/3/4/5/6 rescued defective seed germination. Far‐red (FR) light rapidly induced TEARs, and TEAR4 is shown to act as an E3 ligase. It is showed that both GA‐dependent and TEAR‐mediated DELLA degradation pathways are indispensable for PhyA‐dependent germination. It is found that TEAR homologs PpTEAR1 and PpTEAR2 from the moss Physcomitrium patens interacted with Arabidopsis DELLAs to promote their degradation, and overexpression of PpTEAR1 or PpTEAR2 completely rescued defective PhyA‐dependent seed germination in phya‐211. This findings demonstrate that TEARs act as critical players in fine‐tuning seed germination, and TEAR‐mediated DELLA degradation might be an ancient pathway conserved in plant kingdom.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202400116DELLAE3 ligasePhyAseed germinationTEAR proteins |
| spellingShingle | Hao Yu Yutao Wang Yi Wang Xing Wang Deng Genji Qin The Arabidopsis RING‐Type E3 Ligase TEAR4 Controls Seed Germination by Targeting RGA for Degradation Advanced Science DELLA E3 ligase PhyA seed germination TEAR proteins |
| title | The Arabidopsis RING‐Type E3 Ligase TEAR4 Controls Seed Germination by Targeting RGA for Degradation |
| title_full | The Arabidopsis RING‐Type E3 Ligase TEAR4 Controls Seed Germination by Targeting RGA for Degradation |
| title_fullStr | The Arabidopsis RING‐Type E3 Ligase TEAR4 Controls Seed Germination by Targeting RGA for Degradation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Arabidopsis RING‐Type E3 Ligase TEAR4 Controls Seed Germination by Targeting RGA for Degradation |
| title_short | The Arabidopsis RING‐Type E3 Ligase TEAR4 Controls Seed Germination by Targeting RGA for Degradation |
| title_sort | arabidopsis ring type e3 ligase tear4 controls seed germination by targeting rga for degradation |
| topic | DELLA E3 ligase PhyA seed germination TEAR proteins |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202400116 |
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