Heat Stress in Dairy Cows: Impacts, Identification, and Mitigation Strategies—A Review

Heat Stress in Dairy Cows: Impacts, Identification, and Mitigation Strategies—A Review

Heat stress in animals affects productivity, health, and reproduction, with particularly pronounced effects in dairy cows. Identifying heat stress requires understanding both physiological and environmental indicators, such as increased heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature, which ref...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Charles Paranhos Oliveira, Fernanda Campos de Sousa, Alex Lopes da Silva, Érica Beatriz Schultz, Roger Iván Valderrama Londoño, Pedro Antônio Reinoso de Souza
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
ambience
machine learning
animal environment
animal welfare
homeothermy
dairy farming
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/249
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