Small airway disease: A new “phenotype” of obstructive airway disease
Small airways are usually defined as noncartilaginous airways with an internal diameter <2 mm. Robust data are available regarding small airway involvement in various obstructive airway diseases such as bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Small airway disease (SAD)...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Annals of Medical Science and Research |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/amsr.amsr_2_23 |
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| author | Shital Patil Sham Toshniwal Gajanan Gondhali |
| author_facet | Shital Patil Sham Toshniwal Gajanan Gondhali |
| author_sort | Shital Patil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Small airways are usually defined as noncartilaginous airways with an internal diameter <2 mm. Robust data are available regarding small airway involvement in various obstructive airway diseases such as bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Small airway disease (SAD) can present as a starting point of emphysema, and in few cases, SAD can present with emphysema. Thus, SAD in COPD is a different phenotype along with emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Although bronchial asthma is a disease of large and medium size airways, small airway involvement has been documented in asthma in late stage. Involvement of small airways in asthma is a clinical clue toward the role of inhaled antimuscarinic therapy in this phenotype. Spirometry is a simple and cost-effective but less reliable test to diagnose SAD in comparison to impulse oscillometry. Inhalation therapy with small particle size aerosol long-acting beta-agonist plus inhaled corticosteroids is recommended for treatment of SAD. Targeting small airways in asthma and COPD with ultrafine particle-size inhaled medicines with antimuscarinic drugs will have a successful treatment outcome. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cbf697f1f0bb428cb387f6451d807a6b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2949-785X 2949-7868 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Medical Science and Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-cbf697f1f0bb428cb387f6451d807a6b2025-08-20T03:59:36ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAnnals of Medical Science and Research2949-785X2949-78682023-01-0121425010.4103/amsr.amsr_2_23Small airway disease: A new “phenotype” of obstructive airway diseaseShital PatilSham ToshniwalGajanan GondhaliSmall airways are usually defined as noncartilaginous airways with an internal diameter <2 mm. Robust data are available regarding small airway involvement in various obstructive airway diseases such as bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Small airway disease (SAD) can present as a starting point of emphysema, and in few cases, SAD can present with emphysema. Thus, SAD in COPD is a different phenotype along with emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Although bronchial asthma is a disease of large and medium size airways, small airway involvement has been documented in asthma in late stage. Involvement of small airways in asthma is a clinical clue toward the role of inhaled antimuscarinic therapy in this phenotype. Spirometry is a simple and cost-effective but less reliable test to diagnose SAD in comparison to impulse oscillometry. Inhalation therapy with small particle size aerosol long-acting beta-agonist plus inhaled corticosteroids is recommended for treatment of SAD. Targeting small airways in asthma and COPD with ultrafine particle-size inhaled medicines with antimuscarinic drugs will have a successful treatment outcome.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/amsr.amsr_2_23asthmachronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseobstructive airway diseasesmall airway diseasespirometry |
| spellingShingle | Shital Patil Sham Toshniwal Gajanan Gondhali Small airway disease: A new “phenotype” of obstructive airway disease Annals of Medical Science and Research asthma chronic obstructive pulmonary disease obstructive airway disease small airway disease spirometry |
| title | Small airway disease: A new “phenotype” of obstructive airway disease |
| title_full | Small airway disease: A new “phenotype” of obstructive airway disease |
| title_fullStr | Small airway disease: A new “phenotype” of obstructive airway disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Small airway disease: A new “phenotype” of obstructive airway disease |
| title_short | Small airway disease: A new “phenotype” of obstructive airway disease |
| title_sort | small airway disease a new phenotype of obstructive airway disease |
| topic | asthma chronic obstructive pulmonary disease obstructive airway disease small airway disease spirometry |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/amsr.amsr_2_23 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shitalpatil smallairwaydiseaseanewphenotypeofobstructiveairwaydisease AT shamtoshniwal smallairwaydiseaseanewphenotypeofobstructiveairwaydisease AT gajanangondhali smallairwaydiseaseanewphenotypeofobstructiveairwaydisease |