Effect of recycling on the time- and temperature-dependent mechanical properties of PP/MWCNT composite liner materials
The application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) provides a promising solution to increase the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP), even after recycling. These preliminary findings reveal that recycled PP/MWCNT composites can provide structural integrity, making them suitable for hi...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025002385 |
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| author | Attila Bata Péter Gerse Krisztián Kun Emese Slezák Ferenc Ronkay |
| author_facet | Attila Bata Péter Gerse Krisztián Kun Emese Slezák Ferenc Ronkay |
| author_sort | Attila Bata |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) provides a promising solution to increase the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP), even after recycling. These preliminary findings reveal that recycled PP/MWCNT composites can provide structural integrity, making them suitable for high-performance applications like hydrogen storage. The improved Young's modulus and reduced creep tendency in recycled PP/MWCNT nanocomposites indicate that these materials can be used in Type IV hydrogen storage vessels, where long-term durability and resistance to mechanical stress are fundamental. In this study twin-screw extrusion was used to prepare the nanocomposites and their recyclates with 0.3, 0.5, and 1 w/w% MWCNT content, followed by injection molding to produce test specimens. Tensile and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests revealed that Young's and storage modulus of the recyclates increased, while elongation at break decreased compared to the base material due to the mechanical properties and stiffness of MWCNT. The glass transition temperature of the recycled composites minimally declined, and the Cole-Cole curves broadened yet retained the same character as the unfilled base material, indicating composite homogeneity. A novel method was applied in physical-mechanical measurements to evaluate MWCNT efficiency, predicting its effect across the temperature range typical for hydrogen-powered vehicles and determining the optimal filler content for maximum reinforcement efficiency. Creep tests, simulating constant pressure on the liner layer of a type IV tank, showed that PP/MWCNT recyclates exhibited a lower creep tendency than the unfilled base material, attributed to the stress-distributing effect of the filler. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cb9f92c0d9fe493bbec41f5ae93d02a0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-cb9f92c0d9fe493bbec41f5ae93d02a02025-01-30T05:14:52ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-03-0125104150Effect of recycling on the time- and temperature-dependent mechanical properties of PP/MWCNT composite liner materialsAttila Bata0Péter Gerse1Krisztián Kun2Emese Slezák3Ferenc Ronkay4Department of Innovative Vehicles and Materials, GAMF Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, John von Neumann University, Izsáki út 10., H-6000 Kecskemét, HungaryDepartment of Innovative Vehicles and Materials, GAMF Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, John von Neumann University, Izsáki út 10., H-6000 Kecskemét, HungaryDepartment of Innovative Vehicles and Materials, GAMF Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, John von Neumann University, Izsáki út 10., H-6000 Kecskemét, HungaryDepartment of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary; Imsys Engineering Services Ltd., Mozaik street 14/A., H-1033 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Innovative Vehicles and Materials, GAMF Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, John von Neumann University, Izsáki út 10., H-6000 Kecskemét, Hungary; Imsys Engineering Services Ltd., Mozaik street 14/A., H-1033 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rkp.. 3, Hungary; Corresponding author.The application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) provides a promising solution to increase the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP), even after recycling. These preliminary findings reveal that recycled PP/MWCNT composites can provide structural integrity, making them suitable for high-performance applications like hydrogen storage. The improved Young's modulus and reduced creep tendency in recycled PP/MWCNT nanocomposites indicate that these materials can be used in Type IV hydrogen storage vessels, where long-term durability and resistance to mechanical stress are fundamental. In this study twin-screw extrusion was used to prepare the nanocomposites and their recyclates with 0.3, 0.5, and 1 w/w% MWCNT content, followed by injection molding to produce test specimens. Tensile and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests revealed that Young's and storage modulus of the recyclates increased, while elongation at break decreased compared to the base material due to the mechanical properties and stiffness of MWCNT. The glass transition temperature of the recycled composites minimally declined, and the Cole-Cole curves broadened yet retained the same character as the unfilled base material, indicating composite homogeneity. A novel method was applied in physical-mechanical measurements to evaluate MWCNT efficiency, predicting its effect across the temperature range typical for hydrogen-powered vehicles and determining the optimal filler content for maximum reinforcement efficiency. Creep tests, simulating constant pressure on the liner layer of a type IV tank, showed that PP/MWCNT recyclates exhibited a lower creep tendency than the unfilled base material, attributed to the stress-distributing effect of the filler.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025002385RecyclingCreepCarbon nanotubesNanocompositesType IV liner materialHydrogen storage |
| spellingShingle | Attila Bata Péter Gerse Krisztián Kun Emese Slezák Ferenc Ronkay Effect of recycling on the time- and temperature-dependent mechanical properties of PP/MWCNT composite liner materials Results in Engineering Recycling Creep Carbon nanotubes Nanocomposites Type IV liner material Hydrogen storage |
| title | Effect of recycling on the time- and temperature-dependent mechanical properties of PP/MWCNT composite liner materials |
| title_full | Effect of recycling on the time- and temperature-dependent mechanical properties of PP/MWCNT composite liner materials |
| title_fullStr | Effect of recycling on the time- and temperature-dependent mechanical properties of PP/MWCNT composite liner materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of recycling on the time- and temperature-dependent mechanical properties of PP/MWCNT composite liner materials |
| title_short | Effect of recycling on the time- and temperature-dependent mechanical properties of PP/MWCNT composite liner materials |
| title_sort | effect of recycling on the time and temperature dependent mechanical properties of pp mwcnt composite liner materials |
| topic | Recycling Creep Carbon nanotubes Nanocomposites Type IV liner material Hydrogen storage |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025002385 |
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