Environment, Leptin Sensitivity, and Hypothalamic Plasticity
Regulation of feeding behavior has been a crucial step in the interplay between leptin and the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC). On one hand, the basic mechanisms regulating central and peripheral action of leptin are becoming increasingly clear. On the other hand, knowledge on how brain se...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/438072 |
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| author | Marco Mainardi Tommaso Pizzorusso Margherita Maffei |
| author_facet | Marco Mainardi Tommaso Pizzorusso Margherita Maffei |
| author_sort | Marco Mainardi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Regulation of feeding behavior has been a crucial step in the interplay between leptin and the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC). On one hand, the basic mechanisms regulating central and peripheral action of leptin are becoming increasingly clear. On the other hand, knowledge on how brain sensitivity to leptin can be modulated is only beginning to accumulate. This point is of paramount importance if one considers that pathologically obese subjects have high levels of plasmatic leptin. A possible strategy for exploring neural plasticity in the ARC is to act on environmental stimuli. This can be achieved with various protocols, namely, physical exercise, high-fat diet, caloric restriction, and environmental enrichment. Use of these protocols can, in turn, be exploited to isolate key molecules with translational potential. In the present review, we summarize present knowledge about the mechanisms of plasticity induced by the environment in the ARC. In addition, we also address the role of leptin in extrahypothalamic plasticity, in order to propose an integrated view of how a single diffusible factor can regulate diverse brain functions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cb57205e907e432a92f2b44f8ef88525 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-cb57205e907e432a92f2b44f8ef885252025-02-03T05:45:40ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432013-01-01201310.1155/2013/438072438072Environment, Leptin Sensitivity, and Hypothalamic PlasticityMarco Mainardi0Tommaso Pizzorusso1Margherita Maffei2CNR Neuroscience Institute, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyCNR Neuroscience Institute, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDulbecco Telethon Institute at Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124 Pisa, ItalyRegulation of feeding behavior has been a crucial step in the interplay between leptin and the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC). On one hand, the basic mechanisms regulating central and peripheral action of leptin are becoming increasingly clear. On the other hand, knowledge on how brain sensitivity to leptin can be modulated is only beginning to accumulate. This point is of paramount importance if one considers that pathologically obese subjects have high levels of plasmatic leptin. A possible strategy for exploring neural plasticity in the ARC is to act on environmental stimuli. This can be achieved with various protocols, namely, physical exercise, high-fat diet, caloric restriction, and environmental enrichment. Use of these protocols can, in turn, be exploited to isolate key molecules with translational potential. In the present review, we summarize present knowledge about the mechanisms of plasticity induced by the environment in the ARC. In addition, we also address the role of leptin in extrahypothalamic plasticity, in order to propose an integrated view of how a single diffusible factor can regulate diverse brain functions.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/438072 |
| spellingShingle | Marco Mainardi Tommaso Pizzorusso Margherita Maffei Environment, Leptin Sensitivity, and Hypothalamic Plasticity Neural Plasticity |
| title | Environment, Leptin Sensitivity, and Hypothalamic Plasticity |
| title_full | Environment, Leptin Sensitivity, and Hypothalamic Plasticity |
| title_fullStr | Environment, Leptin Sensitivity, and Hypothalamic Plasticity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environment, Leptin Sensitivity, and Hypothalamic Plasticity |
| title_short | Environment, Leptin Sensitivity, and Hypothalamic Plasticity |
| title_sort | environment leptin sensitivity and hypothalamic plasticity |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/438072 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marcomainardi environmentleptinsensitivityandhypothalamicplasticity AT tommasopizzorusso environmentleptinsensitivityandhypothalamicplasticity AT margheritamaffei environmentleptinsensitivityandhypothalamicplasticity |