Detection, isolation, characterization, analytical method development with validation and in-silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxaban
Abstract Background For rivaroxaban (RRBN) to be safe and effective, its quality and impurities need to be evaluated. One new impurity (IMP-20.15/2.57) was found during the analysis of intermediate stage compound of RRBN production. The isolation of IMP-20.15/2.57 was achieved by preparative HPLC, u...
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2025-02-01
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| Series: | Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-025-00763-0 |
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| author | Manohar Reddy Epuru Jagadam Saroja Veera Venkata Nanda Kishore Pilli Ravinder Reddy Vennapureddy |
| author_facet | Manohar Reddy Epuru Jagadam Saroja Veera Venkata Nanda Kishore Pilli Ravinder Reddy Vennapureddy |
| author_sort | Manohar Reddy Epuru |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background For rivaroxaban (RRBN) to be safe and effective, its quality and impurities need to be evaluated. One new impurity (IMP-20.15/2.57) was found during the analysis of intermediate stage compound of RRBN production. The isolation of IMP-20.15/2.57 was achieved by preparative HPLC, using 10 mM ammonium acetate and acetonitrile (gradient elution mode) as mobile phase. The IMP-20.15/2.57 was elucidated using mass spectrometer, FT-IR and NMR (1H and 13C) techniques. A gradient RP-HPLC method was developed for IMP-20.15/2.57 quantification in RRBN API. The chromatographic separation of IMP-20.15/2.57 was done on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB [C18 3.0 mm × 15 cm, 3.5 µm] column with UV detection programmed at 250 nm. Solution A (methanol and buffer have been blended in a 05:95 v/v ratio) and Solution B (acetonitrile) make up the gradient mobile phase. The three batches of RRBN API were analyzed with the developed gradient RP-HPLC approach for the content of IMP-20.15/2.57. Risk assessment tests for IMP-20.15/2.57 were conducted utilizing in silico programs. Results The IMP-20.15/2.57 was elucidated as 4-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-3-(4-(3-oxomorpholino) phenyl amino) propyl amino) propyl amino) phenyl) morpholin-3-one using mass spectrometer, FT-IR and NMR (1H and 13C) techniques. The novel approach was evaluated in accordance with ICH requirements for linearity (0.2495–1.4971 µg/mL; R2-0.99958), accuracy (109.97–117.71% recovery), precision (0.6015–0.9211%RSD), specificity (996.5 peak purity), robustness (no significant variation in retention time and resolution), and quantification limitations (0.2495 µg/mL). The results were deemed appropriate. It became apparent that the IMP-20.15/2.57 content in three batches of RRBN API were below the quantification limits. The in-silico program suggested that there was certainly no possibility of mutagenicity with IMP-20.15/2.57. Conclusion The present gradient RP-HPLC approach suits best for the IMP-20.15/2.57 quantification in RRBN API and offers more effective ways to guarantee the safety of patients and the quality of RRBN. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cb1521f4f63446f6a6fc3e8ec10d5165 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2314-7253 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-cb1521f4f63446f6a6fc3e8ec10d51652025-08-20T02:12:58ZengSpringerOpenFuture Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2314-72532025-02-0111111710.1186/s43094-025-00763-0Detection, isolation, characterization, analytical method development with validation and in-silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxabanManohar Reddy Epuru0Jagadam Saroja1Veera Venkata Nanda Kishore Pilli2Ravinder Reddy Vennapureddy3Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and ResearchDepartment of Humanities and Sciences, CMR College of Engineering & TechnologyDepartment of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and ResearchDepartment of Chemical Research and Development, Innovare Labs Private LimitedAbstract Background For rivaroxaban (RRBN) to be safe and effective, its quality and impurities need to be evaluated. One new impurity (IMP-20.15/2.57) was found during the analysis of intermediate stage compound of RRBN production. The isolation of IMP-20.15/2.57 was achieved by preparative HPLC, using 10 mM ammonium acetate and acetonitrile (gradient elution mode) as mobile phase. The IMP-20.15/2.57 was elucidated using mass spectrometer, FT-IR and NMR (1H and 13C) techniques. A gradient RP-HPLC method was developed for IMP-20.15/2.57 quantification in RRBN API. The chromatographic separation of IMP-20.15/2.57 was done on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB [C18 3.0 mm × 15 cm, 3.5 µm] column with UV detection programmed at 250 nm. Solution A (methanol and buffer have been blended in a 05:95 v/v ratio) and Solution B (acetonitrile) make up the gradient mobile phase. The three batches of RRBN API were analyzed with the developed gradient RP-HPLC approach for the content of IMP-20.15/2.57. Risk assessment tests for IMP-20.15/2.57 were conducted utilizing in silico programs. Results The IMP-20.15/2.57 was elucidated as 4-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-3-(4-(3-oxomorpholino) phenyl amino) propyl amino) propyl amino) phenyl) morpholin-3-one using mass spectrometer, FT-IR and NMR (1H and 13C) techniques. The novel approach was evaluated in accordance with ICH requirements for linearity (0.2495–1.4971 µg/mL; R2-0.99958), accuracy (109.97–117.71% recovery), precision (0.6015–0.9211%RSD), specificity (996.5 peak purity), robustness (no significant variation in retention time and resolution), and quantification limitations (0.2495 µg/mL). The results were deemed appropriate. It became apparent that the IMP-20.15/2.57 content in three batches of RRBN API were below the quantification limits. The in-silico program suggested that there was certainly no possibility of mutagenicity with IMP-20.15/2.57. Conclusion The present gradient RP-HPLC approach suits best for the IMP-20.15/2.57 quantification in RRBN API and offers more effective ways to guarantee the safety of patients and the quality of RRBN.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-025-00763-0Intermediate stage compoundRRBNNew impuritySpectroscopyLC–MSHPLC |
| spellingShingle | Manohar Reddy Epuru Jagadam Saroja Veera Venkata Nanda Kishore Pilli Ravinder Reddy Vennapureddy Detection, isolation, characterization, analytical method development with validation and in-silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxaban Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Intermediate stage compound RRBN New impurity Spectroscopy LC–MS HPLC |
| title | Detection, isolation, characterization, analytical method development with validation and in-silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxaban |
| title_full | Detection, isolation, characterization, analytical method development with validation and in-silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxaban |
| title_fullStr | Detection, isolation, characterization, analytical method development with validation and in-silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxaban |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection, isolation, characterization, analytical method development with validation and in-silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxaban |
| title_short | Detection, isolation, characterization, analytical method development with validation and in-silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxaban |
| title_sort | detection isolation characterization analytical method development with validation and in silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxaban |
| topic | Intermediate stage compound RRBN New impurity Spectroscopy LC–MS HPLC |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-025-00763-0 |
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