Estimation of STEADI performance using inertial measurement unit

Introduction: Falls present a significant public health concern in the United States as a primary cause of unintentional injury-related deaths among older adults. A fall risk assessment toolkit STEADI developed by the CDC has been shown to predict future falls. However, STEADI has issues with accura...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jasmine Y. Liang, Mingyue Zhang, Nicholas R. Lamoureux, Jeni Lansing, Li-Shan Chou, Gregory J. Welk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-09-01
Series:Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000286
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850061414197100544
author Jasmine Y. Liang
Mingyue Zhang
Nicholas R. Lamoureux
Jeni Lansing
Li-Shan Chou
Gregory J. Welk
author_facet Jasmine Y. Liang
Mingyue Zhang
Nicholas R. Lamoureux
Jeni Lansing
Li-Shan Chou
Gregory J. Welk
author_sort Jasmine Y. Liang
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Falls present a significant public health concern in the United States as a primary cause of unintentional injury-related deaths among older adults. A fall risk assessment toolkit STEADI developed by the CDC has been shown to predict future falls. However, STEADI has issues with accurate evaluations due to the disagreement on cut-off scores in functional assessments and history-taking questionnaires. Wearable sensor technology offers a practical and quantifiable alternative for assessing an individual's movement performance in real-world environments. The use of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) offers considerable potential to enhance fall risk screening. Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to test the agreement of STEADI functional assessment performance measured by the IMUs in comparison to human-based measurements. Method: 27 participants (Age: 74.37 ± 7.21) performed STEADI, including the Four-Stage Balance Test (4SBT), Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), 30-second Chair Stand (30sCS) with IMU placed at the fifth lumbar vertebra which is the proxy location of whole-body Center of Mass. By adopting an equivalent test, the STEADI agreement was tested between the human rater and IMU measurements, giving α = 0.05. Result: Between the results from evaluators and IMU, the difference in TUG is -0.23 s, and the difference in 30sCS is 0.37, which is equivalent to within 4 % and 8 % for TUG and 30sCS, respectively. The difference in single-leg stance during the 4SBT is 0.59 s; however, the calculated equivalence zone is larger (22.7 %). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of using IMU sensors to enhance fall risk screening protocols based on the STEADI. Future refinement may still need to enable broader application and effective screening practices on a larger scale of the population.
format Article
id doaj-art-c9e5a19bc87848b099d847de3ef6ac10
institution DOAJ
issn 2950-3078
language English
publishDate 2024-09-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
spelling doaj-art-c9e5a19bc87848b099d847de3ef6ac102025-08-20T02:50:14ZengElsevierArchives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus2950-30782024-09-011310003110.1016/j.aggp.2024.100031Estimation of STEADI performance using inertial measurement unitJasmine Y. Liang0Mingyue Zhang1Nicholas R. Lamoureux2Jeni Lansing3Li-Shan Chou4Gregory J. Welk5Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, 235 Forker Building, 534 Wallace Road, Ames, Iowa, IA, 50011, USADepartment of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, 235 Forker Building, 534 Wallace Road, Ames, Iowa, IA, 50011, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Sport Sciences, The University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2504 9th Ave, Kearney, NE, 68849, USADepartment of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, 235 Forker Building, 534 Wallace Road, Ames, Iowa, IA, 50011, USADepartment of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, 235 Forker Building, 534 Wallace Road, Ames, Iowa, IA, 50011, USADepartment of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, 235 Forker Building, 534 Wallace Road, Ames, Iowa, IA, 50011, USA; Corresponding author.Introduction: Falls present a significant public health concern in the United States as a primary cause of unintentional injury-related deaths among older adults. A fall risk assessment toolkit STEADI developed by the CDC has been shown to predict future falls. However, STEADI has issues with accurate evaluations due to the disagreement on cut-off scores in functional assessments and history-taking questionnaires. Wearable sensor technology offers a practical and quantifiable alternative for assessing an individual's movement performance in real-world environments. The use of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) offers considerable potential to enhance fall risk screening. Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to test the agreement of STEADI functional assessment performance measured by the IMUs in comparison to human-based measurements. Method: 27 participants (Age: 74.37 ± 7.21) performed STEADI, including the Four-Stage Balance Test (4SBT), Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), 30-second Chair Stand (30sCS) with IMU placed at the fifth lumbar vertebra which is the proxy location of whole-body Center of Mass. By adopting an equivalent test, the STEADI agreement was tested between the human rater and IMU measurements, giving α = 0.05. Result: Between the results from evaluators and IMU, the difference in TUG is -0.23 s, and the difference in 30sCS is 0.37, which is equivalent to within 4 % and 8 % for TUG and 30sCS, respectively. The difference in single-leg stance during the 4SBT is 0.59 s; however, the calculated equivalence zone is larger (22.7 %). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of using IMU sensors to enhance fall risk screening protocols based on the STEADI. Future refinement may still need to enable broader application and effective screening practices on a larger scale of the population.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000286Wearable sensor (IMU)STEADIFallElderlyEquivalent tests
spellingShingle Jasmine Y. Liang
Mingyue Zhang
Nicholas R. Lamoureux
Jeni Lansing
Li-Shan Chou
Gregory J. Welk
Estimation of STEADI performance using inertial measurement unit
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Wearable sensor (IMU)
STEADI
Fall
Elderly
Equivalent tests
title Estimation of STEADI performance using inertial measurement unit
title_full Estimation of STEADI performance using inertial measurement unit
title_fullStr Estimation of STEADI performance using inertial measurement unit
title_full_unstemmed Estimation of STEADI performance using inertial measurement unit
title_short Estimation of STEADI performance using inertial measurement unit
title_sort estimation of steadi performance using inertial measurement unit
topic Wearable sensor (IMU)
STEADI
Fall
Elderly
Equivalent tests
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000286
work_keys_str_mv AT jasmineyliang estimationofsteadiperformanceusinginertialmeasurementunit
AT mingyuezhang estimationofsteadiperformanceusinginertialmeasurementunit
AT nicholasrlamoureux estimationofsteadiperformanceusinginertialmeasurementunit
AT jenilansing estimationofsteadiperformanceusinginertialmeasurementunit
AT lishanchou estimationofsteadiperformanceusinginertialmeasurementunit
AT gregoryjwelk estimationofsteadiperformanceusinginertialmeasurementunit