The resilience instrument for older adults: scale development and preliminary validation
The aim of the current study was to develop and validate an age-specific resilience scale, the Resilience Instrument for Older Adults (RIOA), in a total sample of community-dwelling Chinese older adults (N = 470, with 112 males and 358 females) in Hong Kong, China. A sequential approach was used to...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Cogent Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23311908.2025.2460855 |
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| author | Chun Hu Chun-Qing Zhang Jingdong Liu Yiqun Gan |
| author_facet | Chun Hu Chun-Qing Zhang Jingdong Liu Yiqun Gan |
| author_sort | Chun Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of the current study was to develop and validate an age-specific resilience scale, the Resilience Instrument for Older Adults (RIOA), in a total sample of community-dwelling Chinese older adults (N = 470, with 112 males and 358 females) in Hong Kong, China. A sequential approach was used to develop the RIOA in three stages. In Study 1, scale candidate items were generated and initial content validity of the RIOA were explored. In Study 2, the factorial structure of the RIOA was extracted using exploratory factor analysis. In Study 3, exploratory structural equation modeling was conducted to test the structure. The reliability and validity of the RIOA were also examined. A pool of 70 candidate items for RIOA was established with good content validity in Study 1. In Study 2, seven factors were identified to construct resilience with 27 items: perseverance, self-reliance, spirituality, social support, living in the moment, environmental support, and meaningfulness, reflecting internal, external and existential dimensions. In Study 3, the RIOA demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.87) and good criterion as well as construct validities, with 24 items finally confirmed. The measurement model also displayed satisfying model fit and was proven invariant across gender. This study provided a reliable and valid age-specific instrument for the measurement of resilience in older people. It is believed that this measure could be utilised in older adults who might benefit from exposure to resilience-based interventions geared toward strengthening quality of life. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c97f8edccdd1462a8c42666879811844 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2331-1908 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cogent Psychology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c97f8edccdd1462a8c426668798118442025-02-04T12:46:15ZengTaylor & Francis GroupCogent Psychology2331-19082025-12-0112110.1080/23311908.2025.2460855The resilience instrument for older adults: scale development and preliminary validationChun Hu0Chun-Qing Zhang1Jingdong Liu2Yiqun Gan3Student Mental Health Education Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, ChinaDepartment of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Physical Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaSchool of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaThe aim of the current study was to develop and validate an age-specific resilience scale, the Resilience Instrument for Older Adults (RIOA), in a total sample of community-dwelling Chinese older adults (N = 470, with 112 males and 358 females) in Hong Kong, China. A sequential approach was used to develop the RIOA in three stages. In Study 1, scale candidate items were generated and initial content validity of the RIOA were explored. In Study 2, the factorial structure of the RIOA was extracted using exploratory factor analysis. In Study 3, exploratory structural equation modeling was conducted to test the structure. The reliability and validity of the RIOA were also examined. A pool of 70 candidate items for RIOA was established with good content validity in Study 1. In Study 2, seven factors were identified to construct resilience with 27 items: perseverance, self-reliance, spirituality, social support, living in the moment, environmental support, and meaningfulness, reflecting internal, external and existential dimensions. In Study 3, the RIOA demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.87) and good criterion as well as construct validities, with 24 items finally confirmed. The measurement model also displayed satisfying model fit and was proven invariant across gender. This study provided a reliable and valid age-specific instrument for the measurement of resilience in older people. It is believed that this measure could be utilised in older adults who might benefit from exposure to resilience-based interventions geared toward strengthening quality of life.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23311908.2025.2460855Resilienceolder adultsscale developmentpsychometric propertiesvalidationApplied Social Psychology |
| spellingShingle | Chun Hu Chun-Qing Zhang Jingdong Liu Yiqun Gan The resilience instrument for older adults: scale development and preliminary validation Cogent Psychology Resilience older adults scale development psychometric properties validation Applied Social Psychology |
| title | The resilience instrument for older adults: scale development and preliminary validation |
| title_full | The resilience instrument for older adults: scale development and preliminary validation |
| title_fullStr | The resilience instrument for older adults: scale development and preliminary validation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The resilience instrument for older adults: scale development and preliminary validation |
| title_short | The resilience instrument for older adults: scale development and preliminary validation |
| title_sort | resilience instrument for older adults scale development and preliminary validation |
| topic | Resilience older adults scale development psychometric properties validation Applied Social Psychology |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23311908.2025.2460855 |
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