Mongolian Nomads in the Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) According to Archaeological Materials

Objective: To show that among the many nomadic burials of the ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries there are also burials of the Mongols proper, to give their morphological characteristics, and outline the distribution area of burials. Materials: The results of a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Ivanov V.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Marjani Institute of History 2019-12-01
Series:Золотоордынское обозрение
Subjects:
Online Access:http://goldhorde.ru/en/stati2019-4-2/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850215739798061056
author Ivanov V.A.
author_facet Ivanov V.A.
author_sort Ivanov V.A.
collection DOAJ
description Objective: To show that among the many nomadic burials of the ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries there are also burials of the Mongols proper, to give their morphological characteristics, and outline the distribution area of burials. Materials: The results of a comparative-typological analysis of burials under stone barrows both in the territory of the ulus of Jochi and in the east of the Eurasian steppe: Mongolia, Transbaikalia, Altai, and Tien Shan. Results and novelty of the research: The fact that the Mongols conquered the steppes of Eastern Europe implies the presence of the Mongols in the conquered territories, and this should be reflected in archaeological materials. However, for a long time, due to the peculiarities of the development of the archaeology of the medieval nomads of Eurasia, archaeological materials from the east of the Great Steppe were at the disposal of researchers in extremely small amounts. Therefore, all attempts to determine ethnicity regarding the nomadic monuments of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries in Eastern Europe were based on their comparison with the numerous Kipchak monuments in this territory. In turn, the Mongolian influence on the culture of the Golden Horde nomads was considered through the prism of the appearance of a complex of objects that had not been previously encountered with the Kipchak culture and therefore were perceived to be Mongolian ones, a priori: items of horse equipment, weapons, women’s jewelry and costume details. For its part, the absence of characteristic Mongolian burials was explained by the assimilation of the Mongols by local tribes, based on a corresponding statement by al-Umari. To date, the volume of archaeological materials from the east of Eurasian Steppe has substantially increased, allowing one to carry out a comparative-typological analysis of nomadic burials in the territories of the ulus of Jochi and Mongolia. In turn, this analysis made it possible to distinguish the Mongol burials among the nomadic monuments of the Golden Horde, provide their morphological characteristics, and determine the geography of their distribution in the steppes of Eastern Europe.
format Article
id doaj-art-c90ddc43e7d54542a9badd2583be5559
institution OA Journals
issn 2308-152X
2313-6197
language English
publishDate 2019-12-01
publisher Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Marjani Institute of History
record_format Article
series Золотоордынское обозрение
spelling doaj-art-c90ddc43e7d54542a9badd2583be55592025-08-20T02:08:31ZengTatarstan Academy of Sciences, Marjani Institute of HistoryЗолотоордынское обозрение2308-152X2313-61972019-12-0174636651http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2019-7-4.636-651Mongolian Nomads in the Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) According to Archaeological MaterialsIvanov V.A.0Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla Ufa, Russian Federation ivanov-sanych@inbox.ruObjective: To show that among the many nomadic burials of the ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries there are also burials of the Mongols proper, to give their morphological characteristics, and outline the distribution area of burials. Materials: The results of a comparative-typological analysis of burials under stone barrows both in the territory of the ulus of Jochi and in the east of the Eurasian steppe: Mongolia, Transbaikalia, Altai, and Tien Shan. Results and novelty of the research: The fact that the Mongols conquered the steppes of Eastern Europe implies the presence of the Mongols in the conquered territories, and this should be reflected in archaeological materials. However, for a long time, due to the peculiarities of the development of the archaeology of the medieval nomads of Eurasia, archaeological materials from the east of the Great Steppe were at the disposal of researchers in extremely small amounts. Therefore, all attempts to determine ethnicity regarding the nomadic monuments of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries in Eastern Europe were based on their comparison with the numerous Kipchak monuments in this territory. In turn, the Mongolian influence on the culture of the Golden Horde nomads was considered through the prism of the appearance of a complex of objects that had not been previously encountered with the Kipchak culture and therefore were perceived to be Mongolian ones, a priori: items of horse equipment, weapons, women’s jewelry and costume details. For its part, the absence of characteristic Mongolian burials was explained by the assimilation of the Mongols by local tribes, based on a corresponding statement by al-Umari. To date, the volume of archaeological materials from the east of Eurasian Steppe has substantially increased, allowing one to carry out a comparative-typological analysis of nomadic burials in the territories of the ulus of Jochi and Mongolia. In turn, this analysis made it possible to distinguish the Mongol burials among the nomadic monuments of the Golden Horde, provide their morphological characteristics, and determine the geography of their distribution in the steppes of Eastern Europe.http://goldhorde.ru/en/stati2019-4-2/ulus of jochigolden hordenomadsmongols
spellingShingle Ivanov V.A.
Mongolian Nomads in the Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) According to Archaeological Materials
Золотоордынское обозрение
ulus of jochi
golden horde
nomads
mongols
title Mongolian Nomads in the Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) According to Archaeological Materials
title_full Mongolian Nomads in the Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) According to Archaeological Materials
title_fullStr Mongolian Nomads in the Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) According to Archaeological Materials
title_full_unstemmed Mongolian Nomads in the Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) According to Archaeological Materials
title_short Mongolian Nomads in the Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde) According to Archaeological Materials
title_sort mongolian nomads in the ulus of jochi golden horde according to archaeological materials
topic ulus of jochi
golden horde
nomads
mongols
url http://goldhorde.ru/en/stati2019-4-2/
work_keys_str_mv AT ivanovva mongoliannomadsintheulusofjochigoldenhordeaccordingtoarchaeologicalmaterials