Identification of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine as the catalytic product of AfGGT1 and a key intermediate in isoalliin biosynthesis in Allium fistulosum. L

Our findings reveal that pyruvic acid content is generally higher in Allium fistulosum than in A. cepa. In A. fistulosum, the bulbs contain more pyruvic acid than the leaves, while in A. cepa, the inner bulb layers exhibit higher levels compared to the outer layers. We demonstrate that A. fistulosum...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mingzhao Zhu, Huanhuan Xu, Zhili Deng, Menglu Hou, Lecheng Liu, Yongqin Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666566225000164
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850102938927628288
author Mingzhao Zhu
Huanhuan Xu
Zhili Deng
Menglu Hou
Lecheng Liu
Yongqin Wang
author_facet Mingzhao Zhu
Huanhuan Xu
Zhili Deng
Menglu Hou
Lecheng Liu
Yongqin Wang
author_sort Mingzhao Zhu
collection DOAJ
description Our findings reveal that pyruvic acid content is generally higher in Allium fistulosum than in A. cepa. In A. fistulosum, the bulbs contain more pyruvic acid than the leaves, while in A. cepa, the inner bulb layers exhibit higher levels compared to the outer layers. We demonstrate that A. fistulosum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase 1 (AfGGT1) catalyzes the production of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine from γ-glutamyl-S-1-propenylcysteine, whereas AfGGT2 and AfGGT3 lack catalytic activity. In natural populations of A. fistulosum, AfGGT1 expression shows a strong positive correlation with pyruvic acid content (R2 = 0.6976). The optimal catalytic conditions for AfGGT1 are pH 7 and 37 °C, with a Km value of 0.2686 mM under these conditions. Molecular docking studies further reveal distinct substrate-binding conformations among AfGGT1, AfGGT2, and AfGGT3, highlighting functional divergence within the enzyme family.
format Article
id doaj-art-c8c0e13a0a274eacb95eaeba9f9551fa
institution DOAJ
issn 2666-5662
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences
spelling doaj-art-c8c0e13a0a274eacb95eaeba9f9551fa2025-08-20T02:39:38ZengElsevierFood Chemistry: Molecular Sciences2666-56622025-06-011010025510.1016/j.fochms.2025.100255Identification of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine as the catalytic product of AfGGT1 and a key intermediate in isoalliin biosynthesis in Allium fistulosum. LMingzhao Zhu0Huanhuan Xu1Zhili Deng2Menglu Hou3Lecheng Liu4Yongqin Wang5State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; Corresponding authors.State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Corresponding authors.Our findings reveal that pyruvic acid content is generally higher in Allium fistulosum than in A. cepa. In A. fistulosum, the bulbs contain more pyruvic acid than the leaves, while in A. cepa, the inner bulb layers exhibit higher levels compared to the outer layers. We demonstrate that A. fistulosum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase 1 (AfGGT1) catalyzes the production of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine from γ-glutamyl-S-1-propenylcysteine, whereas AfGGT2 and AfGGT3 lack catalytic activity. In natural populations of A. fistulosum, AfGGT1 expression shows a strong positive correlation with pyruvic acid content (R2 = 0.6976). The optimal catalytic conditions for AfGGT1 are pH 7 and 37 °C, with a Km value of 0.2686 mM under these conditions. Molecular docking studies further reveal distinct substrate-binding conformations among AfGGT1, AfGGT2, and AfGGT3, highlighting functional divergence within the enzyme family.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666566225000164Allium cropsPungencyγ-Glutamyl transpeptidaseCatalysisS-1-propenyl-L-cysteine
spellingShingle Mingzhao Zhu
Huanhuan Xu
Zhili Deng
Menglu Hou
Lecheng Liu
Yongqin Wang
Identification of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine as the catalytic product of AfGGT1 and a key intermediate in isoalliin biosynthesis in Allium fistulosum. L
Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences
Allium crops
Pungency
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase
Catalysis
S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine
title Identification of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine as the catalytic product of AfGGT1 and a key intermediate in isoalliin biosynthesis in Allium fistulosum. L
title_full Identification of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine as the catalytic product of AfGGT1 and a key intermediate in isoalliin biosynthesis in Allium fistulosum. L
title_fullStr Identification of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine as the catalytic product of AfGGT1 and a key intermediate in isoalliin biosynthesis in Allium fistulosum. L
title_full_unstemmed Identification of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine as the catalytic product of AfGGT1 and a key intermediate in isoalliin biosynthesis in Allium fistulosum. L
title_short Identification of S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine as the catalytic product of AfGGT1 and a key intermediate in isoalliin biosynthesis in Allium fistulosum. L
title_sort identification of s 1 propenyl l cysteine as the catalytic product of afggt1 and a key intermediate in isoalliin biosynthesis in allium fistulosum l
topic Allium crops
Pungency
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase
Catalysis
S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666566225000164
work_keys_str_mv AT mingzhaozhu identificationofs1propenyllcysteineasthecatalyticproductofafggt1andakeyintermediateinisoalliinbiosynthesisinalliumfistulosuml
AT huanhuanxu identificationofs1propenyllcysteineasthecatalyticproductofafggt1andakeyintermediateinisoalliinbiosynthesisinalliumfistulosuml
AT zhilideng identificationofs1propenyllcysteineasthecatalyticproductofafggt1andakeyintermediateinisoalliinbiosynthesisinalliumfistulosuml
AT mengluhou identificationofs1propenyllcysteineasthecatalyticproductofafggt1andakeyintermediateinisoalliinbiosynthesisinalliumfistulosuml
AT lechengliu identificationofs1propenyllcysteineasthecatalyticproductofafggt1andakeyintermediateinisoalliinbiosynthesisinalliumfistulosuml
AT yongqinwang identificationofs1propenyllcysteineasthecatalyticproductofafggt1andakeyintermediateinisoalliinbiosynthesisinalliumfistulosuml