Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) Extracts
Graphical Abstract Highlight Research • PPE supported the growth indices like final weight, weight gain, SGR, and FCR. • PPE affected the total aerobic bacteria or total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count, but the enteric gram-negative bacteria count was significantly reduced in the experiment...
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Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga
2024-07-01
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| Series: | Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan |
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| Online Access: | https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/56269 |
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| author | Hassan. A. Fazaa Fatima A.M. Sultan Raad M. Sayed-Lafi |
| author_facet | Hassan. A. Fazaa Fatima A.M. Sultan Raad M. Sayed-Lafi |
| author_sort | Hassan. A. Fazaa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Graphical Abstract
Highlight Research
• PPE supported the growth indices like final weight, weight gain, SGR, and FCR.
• PPE affected the total aerobic bacteria or total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count, but the enteric gram-negative bacteria count was significantly reduced in the experimental groups.
• Add PPE caused a reduced total fungi count in all treated fish.
• The histological examination showed enlargement of the villi, depth of the villi, and an increase in goblet cells for the treatments supplemented with PPE.
Abstract
Pomegranate is considered one of the medicinal herbs rich in antioxidants that can be used in aquaculture to support immunity and health. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain the impact of pomegranate peel (Punica granatum) extract (PPE) on growth performance, the intestinal bacteria count, the total number of fungi and the histological analysis of the grass carp. 105 fingerlings (11.04±0.22g) were distributed among 21 aquariums (60-L) in a completely randomised design (triplicated) and fed diets containing 0, 0.5, and 1% PPE for 70 days at a feeding rate of 3% body weight. A spectrophotometry assessment indicated for PPE that the total phenol content was 151.09 and 175.95 GAE/100 g, and the flavonoid content was 36.04 and 42.89 RE/100 g, respectively. The results of the present work revealed that growth indicators (final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR)) increased (P<0.05) in the PPE group in comparison to the control group. PPE had an impact on the total count of aerobic bacteria or lactic acid bacteria (LAB), but the experimental treatments dramatically decreased the amount of enteric gram-negative bacteria (P<0.05). The total fungi count showed a significant increase in all treated fish (P<0.05). Also, histological examination showed improvement and elongation of the villi, and an increase in goblet cells for the treatments supplemented with PPE. Therefore, it is recommended to use PPE (0.5%) as a diet additive for grass carp to improve their growth performance and health. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c85f34afb2854bc68d8b26b9d077c41c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2085-5842 2528-0759 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan |
| spelling | doaj-art-c85f34afb2854bc68d8b26b9d077c41c2025-02-03T05:30:51ZengFaculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas AirlanggaJurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan2085-58422528-07592024-07-0116247348454433Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) ExtractsHassan. A. Fazaa0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-3592Fatima A.M. Sultan1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8832-7646Raad M. Sayed-Lafi2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-369XDepartment of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Muthanna, Samawah, IraqDepartment of Fisheries and Marine resources, Collage of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq National University of Science and Technology, Thi-Qar, Iraq. Graphical Abstract Highlight Research • PPE supported the growth indices like final weight, weight gain, SGR, and FCR. • PPE affected the total aerobic bacteria or total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count, but the enteric gram-negative bacteria count was significantly reduced in the experimental groups. • Add PPE caused a reduced total fungi count in all treated fish. • The histological examination showed enlargement of the villi, depth of the villi, and an increase in goblet cells for the treatments supplemented with PPE. Abstract Pomegranate is considered one of the medicinal herbs rich in antioxidants that can be used in aquaculture to support immunity and health. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain the impact of pomegranate peel (Punica granatum) extract (PPE) on growth performance, the intestinal bacteria count, the total number of fungi and the histological analysis of the grass carp. 105 fingerlings (11.04±0.22g) were distributed among 21 aquariums (60-L) in a completely randomised design (triplicated) and fed diets containing 0, 0.5, and 1% PPE for 70 days at a feeding rate of 3% body weight. A spectrophotometry assessment indicated for PPE that the total phenol content was 151.09 and 175.95 GAE/100 g, and the flavonoid content was 36.04 and 42.89 RE/100 g, respectively. The results of the present work revealed that growth indicators (final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR)) increased (P<0.05) in the PPE group in comparison to the control group. PPE had an impact on the total count of aerobic bacteria or lactic acid bacteria (LAB), but the experimental treatments dramatically decreased the amount of enteric gram-negative bacteria (P<0.05). The total fungi count showed a significant increase in all treated fish (P<0.05). Also, histological examination showed improvement and elongation of the villi, and an increase in goblet cells for the treatments supplemented with PPE. Therefore, it is recommended to use PPE (0.5%) as a diet additive for grass carp to improve their growth performance and health.https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/56269grass carpphenolpomegranate peellab |
| spellingShingle | Hassan. A. Fazaa Fatima A.M. Sultan Raad M. Sayed-Lafi Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) Extracts Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan grass carp phenol pomegranate peel lab |
| title | Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) Extracts |
| title_full | Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) Extracts |
| title_fullStr | Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) Extracts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) Extracts |
| title_short | Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) Extracts |
| title_sort | growth performance antioxidants intestinal microbial composition and histological effect of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella through diets enriched to pomegranate peel punica granatum extracts |
| topic | grass carp phenol pomegranate peel lab |
| url | https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/56269 |
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