Analysis and Simulation of Intervention Strategies against Bus Bunching by means of an Empirical Agent-Based Model
In this paper, we propose an empirically based Monte Carlo bus-network (EMB) model as a test bed to simulate intervention strategies to overcome the inefficiencies of bus bunching. The EMB model is an agent-based model which utilizes the positional and temporal data of the buses obtained from the Gl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Complexity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2606191 |
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| _version_ | 1832547668827570176 |
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| author | Wei Liang Quek Ning Ning Chung Vee-Liem Saw Lock Yue Chew |
| author_facet | Wei Liang Quek Ning Ning Chung Vee-Liem Saw Lock Yue Chew |
| author_sort | Wei Liang Quek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, we propose an empirically based Monte Carlo bus-network (EMB) model as a test bed to simulate intervention strategies to overcome the inefficiencies of bus bunching. The EMB model is an agent-based model which utilizes the positional and temporal data of the buses obtained from the Global Positioning System (GPS) to constitute (1) a set of empirical velocity distributions of the buses and (2) a set of exponential distributions of interarrival time of passengers at the bus stops. Monte Carlo sampling is then performed on these two derived probability distributions to yield the stochastic dynamics of both the buses’ motion and passengers’ arrival. Our EMB model is generic and can be applied to any real-world bus network system. In particular, we have validated the model against the Nanyang Technological University’s Shuttle Bus System by demonstrating its accuracy in capturing the bunching dynamics of the shuttle buses. Furthermore, we have analyzed the efficacy of three intervention strategies: holding, no-boarding, and centralized-pulsing, against bus bunching by incorporating the rule set of these strategies into the model. Under the scenario where the buses have the same velocity, we found that all three strategies improve both the waiting and travelling times of the commuters. However, when the buses have different velocities, only the centralized-pulsing scheme consistently outperforms the control scenario where the buses periodically bunch together. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c822f0ac73df4e239bc65f83d23fd534 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1076-2787 1099-0526 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Complexity |
| spelling | doaj-art-c822f0ac73df4e239bc65f83d23fd5342025-02-03T06:43:55ZengWileyComplexity1076-27871099-05262021-01-01202110.1155/2021/26061912606191Analysis and Simulation of Intervention Strategies against Bus Bunching by means of an Empirical Agent-Based ModelWei Liang Quek0Ning Ning Chung1Vee-Liem Saw2Lock Yue Chew3School of Humanities, Nanyang Technological University, 639818, SingaporeCentre for University Core, Singapore University of Social Sciences, 599494, SingaporeDivision of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, SingaporeDivision of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, SingaporeIn this paper, we propose an empirically based Monte Carlo bus-network (EMB) model as a test bed to simulate intervention strategies to overcome the inefficiencies of bus bunching. The EMB model is an agent-based model which utilizes the positional and temporal data of the buses obtained from the Global Positioning System (GPS) to constitute (1) a set of empirical velocity distributions of the buses and (2) a set of exponential distributions of interarrival time of passengers at the bus stops. Monte Carlo sampling is then performed on these two derived probability distributions to yield the stochastic dynamics of both the buses’ motion and passengers’ arrival. Our EMB model is generic and can be applied to any real-world bus network system. In particular, we have validated the model against the Nanyang Technological University’s Shuttle Bus System by demonstrating its accuracy in capturing the bunching dynamics of the shuttle buses. Furthermore, we have analyzed the efficacy of three intervention strategies: holding, no-boarding, and centralized-pulsing, against bus bunching by incorporating the rule set of these strategies into the model. Under the scenario where the buses have the same velocity, we found that all three strategies improve both the waiting and travelling times of the commuters. However, when the buses have different velocities, only the centralized-pulsing scheme consistently outperforms the control scenario where the buses periodically bunch together.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2606191 |
| spellingShingle | Wei Liang Quek Ning Ning Chung Vee-Liem Saw Lock Yue Chew Analysis and Simulation of Intervention Strategies against Bus Bunching by means of an Empirical Agent-Based Model Complexity |
| title | Analysis and Simulation of Intervention Strategies against Bus Bunching by means of an Empirical Agent-Based Model |
| title_full | Analysis and Simulation of Intervention Strategies against Bus Bunching by means of an Empirical Agent-Based Model |
| title_fullStr | Analysis and Simulation of Intervention Strategies against Bus Bunching by means of an Empirical Agent-Based Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis and Simulation of Intervention Strategies against Bus Bunching by means of an Empirical Agent-Based Model |
| title_short | Analysis and Simulation of Intervention Strategies against Bus Bunching by means of an Empirical Agent-Based Model |
| title_sort | analysis and simulation of intervention strategies against bus bunching by means of an empirical agent based model |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2606191 |
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