Effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of nickel-doped cobalt nanoferrites for electronic applications
Nanocrystalline powders of nickel-substituted cobalt ferrite were synthesized using the chemical co-precipitation method with ammonia solution as the precipitating agent, maintaining a nickel-to-iron mole ratio of 1:3. The effects of annealing at 600 °C, 650 °C, 700 °C, and 750 °C on the structural,...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Md Shihabun Sakib Md Naimur Rahman Md Alamgir Hossain Md Rashedur Rahman |
| author_facet | Md Shihabun Sakib Md Naimur Rahman Md Alamgir Hossain Md Rashedur Rahman |
| author_sort | Md Shihabun Sakib |
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| description | Nanocrystalline powders of nickel-substituted cobalt ferrite were synthesized using the chemical co-precipitation method with ammonia solution as the precipitating agent, maintaining a nickel-to-iron mole ratio of 1:3. The effects of annealing at 600 °C, 650 °C, 700 °C, and 750 °C on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of the samples were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometer (UV), a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and an impedance analyzer. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the f.c.c spinel structure with an Fd3m symmetric space group, and crystallite sizes increased from 15.96 to 19.11 nm with higher annealing temperatures. SEM revealed nanoparticle sizes of 362.14–444.88 nm, each comprising 22–23 crystals. UV spectroscopy indicated semiconductor behavior with band gaps ranging from 1.86 to 2.15 eV. Dielectric constant and losses decreased with higher annealing temperature and frequency. Annealing affected interionic bond lengths, distances, and angles, resulting in an increase in coercivity from 77.15 to 117.70 Oe, while saturation magnetization decreased from 9.15 to 5.32 emu/g, indicating the soft magnetic properties of CNSF nanoparticles. The Curie temperature dropped from 551.29 °C to 379.55 °C as temperature increased. The experimental results align with reported values, showing that higher annealing temperatures provide optimal structural, morphological, and magnetic properties, while lower temperatures favor optical and dielectric properties in CNSF nanoparticles. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c5f9ffd692b6432fade42b5d3059afa1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-c5f9ffd692b6432fade42b5d3059afa12025-01-23T05:27:44ZengElsevierPhysics Open2666-03262025-02-0122100250Effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of nickel-doped cobalt nanoferrites for electronic applicationsMd Shihabun Sakib0Md Naimur Rahman1Md Alamgir Hossain2Md Rashedur Rahman3Physics Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, BangladeshSolid State Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna-9203, BangladeshSolid State Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh; Corresponding author.Physics Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, BangladeshNanocrystalline powders of nickel-substituted cobalt ferrite were synthesized using the chemical co-precipitation method with ammonia solution as the precipitating agent, maintaining a nickel-to-iron mole ratio of 1:3. The effects of annealing at 600 °C, 650 °C, 700 °C, and 750 °C on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of the samples were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometer (UV), a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and an impedance analyzer. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the f.c.c spinel structure with an Fd3m symmetric space group, and crystallite sizes increased from 15.96 to 19.11 nm with higher annealing temperatures. SEM revealed nanoparticle sizes of 362.14–444.88 nm, each comprising 22–23 crystals. UV spectroscopy indicated semiconductor behavior with band gaps ranging from 1.86 to 2.15 eV. Dielectric constant and losses decreased with higher annealing temperature and frequency. Annealing affected interionic bond lengths, distances, and angles, resulting in an increase in coercivity from 77.15 to 117.70 Oe, while saturation magnetization decreased from 9.15 to 5.32 emu/g, indicating the soft magnetic properties of CNSF nanoparticles. The Curie temperature dropped from 551.29 °C to 379.55 °C as temperature increased. The experimental results align with reported values, showing that higher annealing temperatures provide optimal structural, morphological, and magnetic properties, while lower temperatures favor optical and dielectric properties in CNSF nanoparticles.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666032624000486NanostructureNickel-substitution cobalt spinel ferrite (CNSF)Annealing temperaturesChemical co-precipitation methodCurie temperature |
| spellingShingle | Md Shihabun Sakib Md Naimur Rahman Md Alamgir Hossain Md Rashedur Rahman Effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of nickel-doped cobalt nanoferrites for electronic applications Physics Open Nanostructure Nickel-substitution cobalt spinel ferrite (CNSF) Annealing temperatures Chemical co-precipitation method Curie temperature |
| title | Effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of nickel-doped cobalt nanoferrites for electronic applications |
| title_full | Effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of nickel-doped cobalt nanoferrites for electronic applications |
| title_fullStr | Effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of nickel-doped cobalt nanoferrites for electronic applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of nickel-doped cobalt nanoferrites for electronic applications |
| title_short | Effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of nickel-doped cobalt nanoferrites for electronic applications |
| title_sort | effect of annealing on the structural morphological optical magnetic and dielectric properties of nickel doped cobalt nanoferrites for electronic applications |
| topic | Nanostructure Nickel-substitution cobalt spinel ferrite (CNSF) Annealing temperatures Chemical co-precipitation method Curie temperature |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666032624000486 |
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