Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS): Implications for the Clinician

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS): Implications for the Clinician

Abstract The evidence that tobacco cigarettes are harmful to the health of smokers led to the introduction of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) as a safer alternative. ENDS, which include electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) and heated tobacco products (battery-operated devices that heat a liqui...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jean-Guillaume Starnini, Giulio Natalello, Federico Nigroli, Chiara Diana, Elena Bargagli, Andrea Sisto Melani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Adis, Springer Healthcare 2025-07-01
Series:Pulmonary Therapy
Subjects:
Harm reduction
Nicotine
HTP
Tobacco
Cigarette
Electronic cigarette
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s41030-025-00305-2
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