Observation of Post-Sunset Equatorial Plasma Bubbles with BDS Geostationary Satellites over South China
An equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) is characterized by ionospheric irregularities which disturb radio waves by causing phase and amplitude scintillations or even signal loss. It is becoming increasingly important in space weather to assure the reliability of radio systems in both space and on the gro...
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MDPI AG
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/18/3521 |
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| author | Guanyi Ma Jinghua Li Jiangtao Fan Qingtao Wan Takashi Maruyama Liang Dong Yang Gao Le Zhang Dong Wang |
| author_facet | Guanyi Ma Jinghua Li Jiangtao Fan Qingtao Wan Takashi Maruyama Liang Dong Yang Gao Le Zhang Dong Wang |
| author_sort | Guanyi Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) is characterized by ionospheric irregularities which disturb radio waves by causing phase and amplitude scintillations or even signal loss. It is becoming increasingly important in space weather to assure the reliability of radio systems in both space and on the ground. This paper presents a newly established GNSS ionospheric observation network (GION) around the north equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest in south China, which has a longitudinal coverage of ∼30° from 94°E to 124°E. The measurement with signals from geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites of the BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) is capable of separating the temporal and spatial variations of the ionosphere. A temporal fluctuation of TEC (TFT) parameter is proposed to characterize EPBs. The longitude of the EPBs’ generation can be located with TFT variations in the time–longitude dimension. It is found that the post-sunset EPBs have a high degree of longitudinal variability. They generally show a quasiperiodic feature, indicating their association with atmospheric gravity wave activities. Wave-like structures with different scale sizes can co-exist in the same night. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c4a36ca5109c4fc0a63465a46d2b1c60 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-c4a36ca5109c4fc0a63465a46d2b1c602025-08-20T01:55:49ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922024-09-011618352110.3390/rs16183521Observation of Post-Sunset Equatorial Plasma Bubbles with BDS Geostationary Satellites over South ChinaGuanyi Ma0Jinghua Li1Jiangtao Fan2Qingtao Wan3Takashi Maruyama4Liang Dong5Yang Gao6Le Zhang7Dong Wang8National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaYunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650011, ChinaSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, ChinaSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, ChinaShenzhen Astronomical Observatory, Shenzhen 518121, ChinaAn equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) is characterized by ionospheric irregularities which disturb radio waves by causing phase and amplitude scintillations or even signal loss. It is becoming increasingly important in space weather to assure the reliability of radio systems in both space and on the ground. This paper presents a newly established GNSS ionospheric observation network (GION) around the north equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest in south China, which has a longitudinal coverage of ∼30° from 94°E to 124°E. The measurement with signals from geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites of the BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) is capable of separating the temporal and spatial variations of the ionosphere. A temporal fluctuation of TEC (TFT) parameter is proposed to characterize EPBs. The longitude of the EPBs’ generation can be located with TFT variations in the time–longitude dimension. It is found that the post-sunset EPBs have a high degree of longitudinal variability. They generally show a quasiperiodic feature, indicating their association with atmospheric gravity wave activities. Wave-like structures with different scale sizes can co-exist in the same night.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/18/3521equatorial plasma bubble (EPB)temporal fluctuation of TEC (TFT)longitudinal variabilitywave-like structure |
| spellingShingle | Guanyi Ma Jinghua Li Jiangtao Fan Qingtao Wan Takashi Maruyama Liang Dong Yang Gao Le Zhang Dong Wang Observation of Post-Sunset Equatorial Plasma Bubbles with BDS Geostationary Satellites over South China Remote Sensing equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) temporal fluctuation of TEC (TFT) longitudinal variability wave-like structure |
| title | Observation of Post-Sunset Equatorial Plasma Bubbles with BDS Geostationary Satellites over South China |
| title_full | Observation of Post-Sunset Equatorial Plasma Bubbles with BDS Geostationary Satellites over South China |
| title_fullStr | Observation of Post-Sunset Equatorial Plasma Bubbles with BDS Geostationary Satellites over South China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Observation of Post-Sunset Equatorial Plasma Bubbles with BDS Geostationary Satellites over South China |
| title_short | Observation of Post-Sunset Equatorial Plasma Bubbles with BDS Geostationary Satellites over South China |
| title_sort | observation of post sunset equatorial plasma bubbles with bds geostationary satellites over south china |
| topic | equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) temporal fluctuation of TEC (TFT) longitudinal variability wave-like structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/18/3521 |
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