Combining surface drifters and high resolution global simulations enables the mapping of internal tide surface energy

Abstract By dissipating energy and generating mixing, internal tides (ITs) are important for the climatological evolution of the ocean. Our understanding of this class of ocean variability is however hindered by the rarity of observations capable of capturing ITs with global coverage. The data provi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zoé Caspar-Cohen, Aurélien Ponte, Noé Lahaye, Edward D. Zaron, Brian K. Arbic, Xiaolong Yu, Sylvie LeGentil, Dimitris Menemenlis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92662-w
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850208503543627776
author Zoé Caspar-Cohen
Aurélien Ponte
Noé Lahaye
Edward D. Zaron
Brian K. Arbic
Xiaolong Yu
Sylvie LeGentil
Dimitris Menemenlis
author_facet Zoé Caspar-Cohen
Aurélien Ponte
Noé Lahaye
Edward D. Zaron
Brian K. Arbic
Xiaolong Yu
Sylvie LeGentil
Dimitris Menemenlis
author_sort Zoé Caspar-Cohen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract By dissipating energy and generating mixing, internal tides (ITs) are important for the climatological evolution of the ocean. Our understanding of this class of ocean variability is however hindered by the rarity of observations capable of capturing ITs with global coverage. The data provided by the Global Drifter Program (GDP) offer high temporal resolution and quasi-global coverage, thus bringing promising perspectives. However, due to their inherent drifting nature, these instruments provide a distorted view of the IT signal. By theoretically rationalizing this distortion and leveraging a massive synthetic drifter numerical simulation, we propose a global metric converting semi-diurnal IT energy levels from GDP data to levels comparable to Eulerian datasets (two numerical simulations, and a satellite altimetry IT atlas). We find that the simulation with a dedicated focus on IT representation is the one where the converted Lagrangian levels perform best. This supports renewed efforts in the concurrent numerical modeling of ITs/ocean circulation. The substantial deficit of energy in the IT atlas highlights the inability for altimetric estimates to measure incoherent and fine-scale ITs and strongly supports the need to isolate ITs signature in the data collected by the new wide-swath altimetry mission SWOT.
format Article
id doaj-art-c433a85e6c434e9c82f00a3d1a8e51a3
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-c433a85e6c434e9c82f00a3d1a8e51a32025-08-20T02:10:13ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-92662-wCombining surface drifters and high resolution global simulations enables the mapping of internal tide surface energyZoé Caspar-Cohen0Aurélien Ponte1Noé Lahaye2Edward D. Zaron3Brian K. Arbic4Xiaolong Yu5Sylvie LeGentil6Dimitris Menemenlis7Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San DiegoUniv Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEMOdyssey Team, Inria & IRMAR, Campus Universitaire de BeaulieuCollege of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State UniversityDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of MichiganSchool of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen UniversityUniv Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEMJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of TechnologyAbstract By dissipating energy and generating mixing, internal tides (ITs) are important for the climatological evolution of the ocean. Our understanding of this class of ocean variability is however hindered by the rarity of observations capable of capturing ITs with global coverage. The data provided by the Global Drifter Program (GDP) offer high temporal resolution and quasi-global coverage, thus bringing promising perspectives. However, due to their inherent drifting nature, these instruments provide a distorted view of the IT signal. By theoretically rationalizing this distortion and leveraging a massive synthetic drifter numerical simulation, we propose a global metric converting semi-diurnal IT energy levels from GDP data to levels comparable to Eulerian datasets (two numerical simulations, and a satellite altimetry IT atlas). We find that the simulation with a dedicated focus on IT representation is the one where the converted Lagrangian levels perform best. This supports renewed efforts in the concurrent numerical modeling of ITs/ocean circulation. The substantial deficit of energy in the IT atlas highlights the inability for altimetric estimates to measure incoherent and fine-scale ITs and strongly supports the need to isolate ITs signature in the data collected by the new wide-swath altimetry mission SWOT.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92662-w
spellingShingle Zoé Caspar-Cohen
Aurélien Ponte
Noé Lahaye
Edward D. Zaron
Brian K. Arbic
Xiaolong Yu
Sylvie LeGentil
Dimitris Menemenlis
Combining surface drifters and high resolution global simulations enables the mapping of internal tide surface energy
Scientific Reports
title Combining surface drifters and high resolution global simulations enables the mapping of internal tide surface energy
title_full Combining surface drifters and high resolution global simulations enables the mapping of internal tide surface energy
title_fullStr Combining surface drifters and high resolution global simulations enables the mapping of internal tide surface energy
title_full_unstemmed Combining surface drifters and high resolution global simulations enables the mapping of internal tide surface energy
title_short Combining surface drifters and high resolution global simulations enables the mapping of internal tide surface energy
title_sort combining surface drifters and high resolution global simulations enables the mapping of internal tide surface energy
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92662-w
work_keys_str_mv AT zoecasparcohen combiningsurfacedriftersandhighresolutionglobalsimulationsenablesthemappingofinternaltidesurfaceenergy
AT aurelienponte combiningsurfacedriftersandhighresolutionglobalsimulationsenablesthemappingofinternaltidesurfaceenergy
AT noelahaye combiningsurfacedriftersandhighresolutionglobalsimulationsenablesthemappingofinternaltidesurfaceenergy
AT edwarddzaron combiningsurfacedriftersandhighresolutionglobalsimulationsenablesthemappingofinternaltidesurfaceenergy
AT briankarbic combiningsurfacedriftersandhighresolutionglobalsimulationsenablesthemappingofinternaltidesurfaceenergy
AT xiaolongyu combiningsurfacedriftersandhighresolutionglobalsimulationsenablesthemappingofinternaltidesurfaceenergy
AT sylvielegentil combiningsurfacedriftersandhighresolutionglobalsimulationsenablesthemappingofinternaltidesurfaceenergy
AT dimitrismenemenlis combiningsurfacedriftersandhighresolutionglobalsimulationsenablesthemappingofinternaltidesurfaceenergy