A Regional Gravimetric and Hybrid Geoid Model in Northern Greece from Dedicated Gravity Campaigns
The determination of physical heights is of key importance for a wide spectrum of geoscientific applications and, in particular, for engineering projects. The main scope of the present work is focused on the determination of a high-accuracy and high-resolution gravimetric and hybrid geoid model, to...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/197 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832587596641861632 |
|---|---|
| author | Georgios S. Vergos Dimitrios A. Natsiopoulos Elisavet G. Mamagiannou Eleni A. Tzanou Anastasia I. Triantafyllou Ilias N. Tziavos Dimitrios Ramnalis Vassilios Polychronos |
| author_facet | Georgios S. Vergos Dimitrios A. Natsiopoulos Elisavet G. Mamagiannou Eleni A. Tzanou Anastasia I. Triantafyllou Ilias N. Tziavos Dimitrios Ramnalis Vassilios Polychronos |
| author_sort | Georgios S. Vergos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The determination of physical heights is of key importance for a wide spectrum of geoscientific applications and, in particular, for engineering projects. The main scope of the present work is focused on the determination of a high-accuracy and high-resolution gravimetric and hybrid geoid model, to determine orthometric heights without the need of conventional leveling. Both historical and newly acquired gravity data have been collected during dedicated gravity campaigns, around the location of a dedicated GNSS network as well as areas where the existing land gravity database presented voids. Geoid determination was based on the classical remove–compute–restore (RCR) technique and spectral and stochastic approaches. The low frequencies have been modeled based on the XGM2019e global geopotential model (GGM) and the topographic effects have been evaluated with the residual terrain model (RTM) reduction. The evaluation of the final geoid model was performed over 462 GNSS/leveling benchmarks (BMs), where the newly determined gravimetric geoid has shown an improvement of 3.1 cm, in the std of the differences to the GNSS/leveling BMs, compared to the latest national geoid model. A deterministic and stochastic fit to the GNSS/leveling data has been performed, investigating various choices for the parametric models and analytical covariance functions. The scope was to determine a hybrid geoid model, tailored to the area and GNSS/leveling data, which will be the one used for the direct estimation of high-accuracy orthometric heights from GNSS observations. After the deterministic fit, a std to the GNSS/leveling data of 10.1 cm has been achieved, with 54.8% and 83.1% of the absolute height differences being below the 1 cm and 2 cm per square root km of baseline length. The final hybrid geoid model, i.e., after the stochastic treatment of the adjusted residuals, gave a std of the difference to the GNSS/leveling data of 1.1 cm, with 99.8% and 99.9% of the height difference being smaller than the 1 cm and 2 cm standard errors, thus achieving a 1 cm accuracy regional geoid. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c35fc19726604d1e9174dc9d19b2320c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-c35fc19726604d1e9174dc9d19b2320c2025-01-24T13:47:41ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-01-0117219710.3390/rs17020197A Regional Gravimetric and Hybrid Geoid Model in Northern Greece from Dedicated Gravity CampaignsGeorgios S. Vergos0Dimitrios A. Natsiopoulos1Elisavet G. Mamagiannou2Eleni A. Tzanou3Anastasia I. Triantafyllou4Ilias N. Tziavos5Dimitrios Ramnalis6Vassilios Polychronos7Laboratory of Gravity Field Research and Applications (GravLab), Department of Geodesy and Surveying, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Box 440, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Gravity Field Research and Applications (GravLab), Department of Geodesy and Surveying, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Box 440, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Gravity Field Research and Applications (GravLab), Department of Geodesy and Surveying, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Box 440, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceSurveying & Geoinformatics Engineering Department, School of Engineering, International Hellenic University, Terma Magnesias Serres, GR-62124 Serres, GreeceLaboratory of Gravity Field Research and Applications (GravLab), Department of Geodesy and Surveying, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Box 440, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Gravity Field Research and Applications (GravLab), Department of Geodesy and Surveying, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Box 440, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceGeoSense PCo., Terma Proektasis Maiandrou Str., P.O. Box 352, Oraiokastro, GR-57013 Thessaloniki, GreeceGeoSense PCo., Terma Proektasis Maiandrou Str., P.O. Box 352, Oraiokastro, GR-57013 Thessaloniki, GreeceThe determination of physical heights is of key importance for a wide spectrum of geoscientific applications and, in particular, for engineering projects. The main scope of the present work is focused on the determination of a high-accuracy and high-resolution gravimetric and hybrid geoid model, to determine orthometric heights without the need of conventional leveling. Both historical and newly acquired gravity data have been collected during dedicated gravity campaigns, around the location of a dedicated GNSS network as well as areas where the existing land gravity database presented voids. Geoid determination was based on the classical remove–compute–restore (RCR) technique and spectral and stochastic approaches. The low frequencies have been modeled based on the XGM2019e global geopotential model (GGM) and the topographic effects have been evaluated with the residual terrain model (RTM) reduction. The evaluation of the final geoid model was performed over 462 GNSS/leveling benchmarks (BMs), where the newly determined gravimetric geoid has shown an improvement of 3.1 cm, in the std of the differences to the GNSS/leveling BMs, compared to the latest national geoid model. A deterministic and stochastic fit to the GNSS/leveling data has been performed, investigating various choices for the parametric models and analytical covariance functions. The scope was to determine a hybrid geoid model, tailored to the area and GNSS/leveling data, which will be the one used for the direct estimation of high-accuracy orthometric heights from GNSS observations. After the deterministic fit, a std to the GNSS/leveling data of 10.1 cm has been achieved, with 54.8% and 83.1% of the absolute height differences being below the 1 cm and 2 cm per square root km of baseline length. The final hybrid geoid model, i.e., after the stochastic treatment of the adjusted residuals, gave a std of the difference to the GNSS/leveling data of 1.1 cm, with 99.8% and 99.9% of the height difference being smaller than the 1 cm and 2 cm standard errors, thus achieving a 1 cm accuracy regional geoid.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/197terrestrial gravity surveyFFTLSCgravimetric geoidhybrid geoidorthometric heights |
| spellingShingle | Georgios S. Vergos Dimitrios A. Natsiopoulos Elisavet G. Mamagiannou Eleni A. Tzanou Anastasia I. Triantafyllou Ilias N. Tziavos Dimitrios Ramnalis Vassilios Polychronos A Regional Gravimetric and Hybrid Geoid Model in Northern Greece from Dedicated Gravity Campaigns Remote Sensing terrestrial gravity survey FFT LSC gravimetric geoid hybrid geoid orthometric heights |
| title | A Regional Gravimetric and Hybrid Geoid Model in Northern Greece from Dedicated Gravity Campaigns |
| title_full | A Regional Gravimetric and Hybrid Geoid Model in Northern Greece from Dedicated Gravity Campaigns |
| title_fullStr | A Regional Gravimetric and Hybrid Geoid Model in Northern Greece from Dedicated Gravity Campaigns |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Regional Gravimetric and Hybrid Geoid Model in Northern Greece from Dedicated Gravity Campaigns |
| title_short | A Regional Gravimetric and Hybrid Geoid Model in Northern Greece from Dedicated Gravity Campaigns |
| title_sort | regional gravimetric and hybrid geoid model in northern greece from dedicated gravity campaigns |
| topic | terrestrial gravity survey FFT LSC gravimetric geoid hybrid geoid orthometric heights |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/197 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT georgiossvergos aregionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT dimitriosanatsiopoulos aregionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT elisavetgmamagiannou aregionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT eleniatzanou aregionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT anastasiaitriantafyllou aregionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT iliasntziavos aregionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT dimitriosramnalis aregionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT vassiliospolychronos aregionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT georgiossvergos regionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT dimitriosanatsiopoulos regionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT elisavetgmamagiannou regionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT eleniatzanou regionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT anastasiaitriantafyllou regionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT iliasntziavos regionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT dimitriosramnalis regionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns AT vassiliospolychronos regionalgravimetricandhybridgeoidmodelinnortherngreecefromdedicatedgravitycampaigns |