The Effect of High Levels Carbohydrate on Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Health of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Long-term consumption of high-carbohydrate feed may adversely affect intestinal health of fish; however, the underlying roles remain ambiguous. This study examined the effects of varying carbohydrate levels on the intestinal flora of common carp and assessed how microbial metabolites influence intes...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Nutrition |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7631021 |
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| author | Jinrui Xiong Liping Yang Luming Wang Shaoyang Zhi Mengjuan Zhao Chunchu Xu Leya Qu Xiaorui Guo Xiao Yan Chaobin Qin Guoxing Nie |
| author_facet | Jinrui Xiong Liping Yang Luming Wang Shaoyang Zhi Mengjuan Zhao Chunchu Xu Leya Qu Xiaorui Guo Xiao Yan Chaobin Qin Guoxing Nie |
| author_sort | Jinrui Xiong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Long-term consumption of high-carbohydrate feed may adversely affect intestinal health of fish; however, the underlying roles remain ambiguous. This study examined the effects of varying carbohydrate levels on the intestinal flora of common carp and assessed how microbial metabolites influence intestinal health. Two hundred seventy common carps were chosen and distributed randomly into three groups that fed diets containing starch at levels of 15% (low-carbohydrate diet [LCD]), 28% (medium-carbohydrate diet [MCD]), and 45% (high-carbohydrate diet [HCD]) for 60 days. A significant increase in final body weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate within the MCD group, while feed conversion ratio exhibited a decrease in comparison to the other groups (p<0.05). Feeding with a HCD led to decreased activity of catalase and increased malondialdehyde content, which was consistent with reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis results (p<0.05). Specifically, the RT-qPCR results revealed that HCD treatment significantly upregulated il1β, il6, and il8 transcript levels. Whereas, the il10 messenger RNA (mRNA) was markedly reduced in comparison to the LCD group. Furthermore, the HCD group exhibited an increased abundance of Proteobacteria, accompanied by a reduction in Fusobacteria abundance, and also revealed an upsurge in opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, such as Aeromonas and Shewanella. The correlation analysis demonstrated negative correlations of anti-inflammatory active substances such as fucoxanthin, (S)-reticuline, hecogenin, and uridine with Aeromonas, but positive correlations with Luteolibacter. In summary, dietary carbohydrates might mediate intestinal flora to regulate their metabolites and affect intestinal inflammatory response. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c2dc110a600645a284a28d473707aa38 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1365-2095 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aquaculture Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-c2dc110a600645a284a28d473707aa382025-02-03T01:44:34ZengWileyAquaculture Nutrition1365-20952024-01-01202410.1155/2024/7631021The Effect of High Levels Carbohydrate on Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Health of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)Jinrui Xiong0Liping Yang1Luming Wang2Shaoyang Zhi3Mengjuan Zhao4Chunchu Xu5Leya Qu6Xiaorui Guo7Xiao Yan8Chaobin Qin9Guoxing Nie10College of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesLong-term consumption of high-carbohydrate feed may adversely affect intestinal health of fish; however, the underlying roles remain ambiguous. This study examined the effects of varying carbohydrate levels on the intestinal flora of common carp and assessed how microbial metabolites influence intestinal health. Two hundred seventy common carps were chosen and distributed randomly into three groups that fed diets containing starch at levels of 15% (low-carbohydrate diet [LCD]), 28% (medium-carbohydrate diet [MCD]), and 45% (high-carbohydrate diet [HCD]) for 60 days. A significant increase in final body weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate within the MCD group, while feed conversion ratio exhibited a decrease in comparison to the other groups (p<0.05). Feeding with a HCD led to decreased activity of catalase and increased malondialdehyde content, which was consistent with reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis results (p<0.05). Specifically, the RT-qPCR results revealed that HCD treatment significantly upregulated il1β, il6, and il8 transcript levels. Whereas, the il10 messenger RNA (mRNA) was markedly reduced in comparison to the LCD group. Furthermore, the HCD group exhibited an increased abundance of Proteobacteria, accompanied by a reduction in Fusobacteria abundance, and also revealed an upsurge in opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, such as Aeromonas and Shewanella. The correlation analysis demonstrated negative correlations of anti-inflammatory active substances such as fucoxanthin, (S)-reticuline, hecogenin, and uridine with Aeromonas, but positive correlations with Luteolibacter. In summary, dietary carbohydrates might mediate intestinal flora to regulate their metabolites and affect intestinal inflammatory response.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7631021 |
| spellingShingle | Jinrui Xiong Liping Yang Luming Wang Shaoyang Zhi Mengjuan Zhao Chunchu Xu Leya Qu Xiaorui Guo Xiao Yan Chaobin Qin Guoxing Nie The Effect of High Levels Carbohydrate on Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Health of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Aquaculture Nutrition |
| title | The Effect of High Levels Carbohydrate on Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Health of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) |
| title_full | The Effect of High Levels Carbohydrate on Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Health of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of High Levels Carbohydrate on Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Health of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of High Levels Carbohydrate on Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Health of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) |
| title_short | The Effect of High Levels Carbohydrate on Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Health of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) |
| title_sort | effect of high levels carbohydrate on intestinal microbiota metabolites and health of common carp cyprinus carpio l |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7631021 |
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