The complete mitochondrial genome of the hemiparasitic mistletoe Psittacanthus palmeri (Loranthaceae) and comparative analysis of mitogenomes across Santalales
Background: In parasitic plants, it remains uncertain whether size, structure, and mutation rates in the mitogenome aligns with those of other angiosperms, and whether reduction in gene content is found across lineages of parasitic plants. Question: Are there differences in gene loss patterns and...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Sociedad Botánica de México, A. C.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Botanical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.botanicalsciences.com.mx/index.php/botanicalSciences/article/view/3667 |
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| Summary: | Background: In parasitic plants, it remains uncertain whether size, structure, and mutation rates in the mitogenome aligns with those of other angiosperms, and whether reduction in gene content is found across lineages of parasitic plants.
Question: Are there differences in gene loss patterns and selective pressures among mistletoe species in the order Santalales?
Studied species: Psittacanthus palmeri (Loranthaceae).
Study site: Santa María Tecomavaca, Oaxaca.
Methods: We assembled and annotated the mitogenome of P. palmeri. Then, we characterized the gene content, number and type of repeat sequences, and identified the mitochondrial plastid sequences. Finally, we reconstructed a phylogenetic tree for analysis of synteny and estimation of Ka/Ks ratios.
Results: The circular P. palmeri mitogenome (232,342 bp) contains 55 unique genes. Repeat analysis identified 52 microsatellites and 15 tandem repeats, along with 60 plastid sequences (43,874 bp, 18.9 %). Phylogenetic comparison revealed limited synteny (< 7 kb), suggesting frequent rearrangements. Ka/Ks analysis indicated negative selection in atp1, atp8, cob, cox1, nad9, rpl5, and rps12, and positive in ccmB, cox3, matR, mttB, nad3, nad4, nad4L, nad7, rps4, and rps10.
Conclusions: The P. palmeri mitogenome is similar to those of other Santalales species in gene content, but differs in content of repeat sequences, and type and length of mitochondrial plastid sequences. Incorporating these features in future studies will allow to make inferences about expansion/contraction patterns that the mitogenomes have experienced during Santalales evolution.
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| ISSN: | 2007-4298 2007-4476 |