Laboratory Comparison of Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests for Lymphatic Filariasis: STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) Versus Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS)
Accurate rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are needed to diagnose lymphatic filariasis (LF) in global elimination programmes. We evaluated the performance of the new STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) against the Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) for detecting <i>W. bancrofti</i> an...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Patricia M. Graves Jessica L. Scott Alvaro Berg Soto Antin Y. N. Widi Maxine Whittaker Colleen L. Lau Kimberly Y. Won |
| author_facet | Patricia M. Graves Jessica L. Scott Alvaro Berg Soto Antin Y. N. Widi Maxine Whittaker Colleen L. Lau Kimberly Y. Won |
| author_sort | Patricia M. Graves |
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| description | Accurate rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are needed to diagnose lymphatic filariasis (LF) in global elimination programmes. We evaluated the performance of the new STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) against the Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) for detecting <i>W. bancrofti</i> antigen (Ag) in laboratory conditions, using serum (n = 195) and plasma (n = 189) from LF-endemic areas (Samoa, American Samoa and Myanmar) and Australian negative controls (n = 46). The prior Ag status of endemic samples (54.9% Ag-positive) was determined by rapid test (ICT or FTS) or Og4C3 ELISA. The proportion of samples testing positive at 10 min was similar for QFAT (44.8%) and FTS (41.3%). Concordance between tests was 93.5% (kappa 0.87, n = 417) at 10 min, and it increased to 98.8% (kappa 0.98) at 24 h. The sensitivities of QFAT and FTS at 10 min compared to the prior results were 92% (95% CI 88.0–96.0) and 86% (95% CI 80.0–90.0), respectively, and they increased to 97% and 99% at 24 h. Specificity was 98% for QFAT and 99% for FTS at 10 min. Both tests showed evidence of cross-reaction with <i>Dirofilaria repens</i> and <i>Onchocerca lupi</i> but not with <i>Acanthochilonema reconditum</i> or <i>Cercopithifilaria bainae.</i> Under laboratory conditions, QFAT is a suitable alternative RDT to FTS. |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-c1075c82a24b453eb8f228949245ade82025-01-24T13:51:25ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662025-01-011012310.3390/tropicalmed10010023Laboratory Comparison of Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests for Lymphatic Filariasis: STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) Versus Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS)Patricia M. Graves0Jessica L. Scott1Alvaro Berg Soto2Antin Y. N. Widi3Maxine Whittaker4Colleen L. Lau5Kimberly Y. Won6WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences and Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, AustraliaWHO Collaborating Centre for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences and Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, AustraliaWHO Collaborating Centre for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences and Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, AustraliaWHO Collaborating Centre for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences and Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, AustraliaCollege of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, AustraliaSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, AustraliaDivision of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USAAccurate rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are needed to diagnose lymphatic filariasis (LF) in global elimination programmes. We evaluated the performance of the new STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) against the Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) for detecting <i>W. bancrofti</i> antigen (Ag) in laboratory conditions, using serum (n = 195) and plasma (n = 189) from LF-endemic areas (Samoa, American Samoa and Myanmar) and Australian negative controls (n = 46). The prior Ag status of endemic samples (54.9% Ag-positive) was determined by rapid test (ICT or FTS) or Og4C3 ELISA. The proportion of samples testing positive at 10 min was similar for QFAT (44.8%) and FTS (41.3%). Concordance between tests was 93.5% (kappa 0.87, n = 417) at 10 min, and it increased to 98.8% (kappa 0.98) at 24 h. The sensitivities of QFAT and FTS at 10 min compared to the prior results were 92% (95% CI 88.0–96.0) and 86% (95% CI 80.0–90.0), respectively, and they increased to 97% and 99% at 24 h. Specificity was 98% for QFAT and 99% for FTS at 10 min. Both tests showed evidence of cross-reaction with <i>Dirofilaria repens</i> and <i>Onchocerca lupi</i> but not with <i>Acanthochilonema reconditum</i> or <i>Cercopithifilaria bainae.</i> Under laboratory conditions, QFAT is a suitable alternative RDT to FTS.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/1/23Filariasisdiagnosticsantigenmicrofilariasurveillance<i>Wuchereria bancrofti</i> |
| spellingShingle | Patricia M. Graves Jessica L. Scott Alvaro Berg Soto Antin Y. N. Widi Maxine Whittaker Colleen L. Lau Kimberly Y. Won Laboratory Comparison of Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests for Lymphatic Filariasis: STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) Versus Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Filariasis diagnostics antigen microfilaria surveillance <i>Wuchereria bancrofti</i> |
| title | Laboratory Comparison of Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests for Lymphatic Filariasis: STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) Versus Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) |
| title_full | Laboratory Comparison of Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests for Lymphatic Filariasis: STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) Versus Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) |
| title_fullStr | Laboratory Comparison of Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests for Lymphatic Filariasis: STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) Versus Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Laboratory Comparison of Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests for Lymphatic Filariasis: STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) Versus Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) |
| title_short | Laboratory Comparison of Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests for Lymphatic Filariasis: STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) Versus Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) |
| title_sort | laboratory comparison of rapid antigen diagnostic tests for lymphatic filariasis standard q filariasis antigen test qfat versus bioline filariasis test strip fts |
| topic | Filariasis diagnostics antigen microfilaria surveillance <i>Wuchereria bancrofti</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/1/23 |
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