Detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella spps and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in Jimma town, Ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and handling practices of vendors
Abstract Objectives Despite of the health benefits of consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, this product could be associated with food-borne bacterial pathogens, including infections with antibiotic-resistant strains especially in developing countries due to limited in knowledge, and hygienic...
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2025-02-01
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| Series: | One Health Outlook |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s42522-024-00125-5 |
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| author | Ahmed Zeynudin Teshome Degefa Tariku Belay Jiru Batu Mumicha Abdusemed Husen Jafer Yasin Abdulhakim Abamecha Andreas Wieser Mengistu Abayneh |
| author_facet | Ahmed Zeynudin Teshome Degefa Tariku Belay Jiru Batu Mumicha Abdusemed Husen Jafer Yasin Abdulhakim Abamecha Andreas Wieser Mengistu Abayneh |
| author_sort | Ahmed Zeynudin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objectives Despite of the health benefits of consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, this product could be associated with food-borne bacterial pathogens, including infections with antibiotic-resistant strains especially in developing countries due to limited in knowledge, and hygienic practices. This study was conducted to provide evidence data on the rates of Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 contamination, the antimicrobial resistance profile, and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains in fresh vegetables and fruits sold in open-air markets at Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia. In addition, this study provided data on the hygiene and handling practices of vendors, which can help as impute to improve food safety and safeguard public health. A total of 242 salad samples were collected from three different kebeles and examined for the presence of Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 in the microbiology laboratory of Jimma University by using conventional microbiological techniques. Results Out of 242 samples tested, 12.8% (31/242) were contaminated with Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157. Of these, Salmonella spp. was detected in 10.7% (26/242) of the tested samples, whereas Escherichia coli O157:H7 was found in 2.1% (5/242) of samples. Fifty-three-point-8% of Salmonella spp. were resistant to ampicillin, 42.3% to co-trimoxazole, 46.2% to tetracycline, and 26.9% resistance was observed against each of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. 40% of E. coli O157:H7 isolates were resistant against ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and co-trimoxazole. Only one isolate was resistant to ceftriaxone and cefotaxime, and no resistance was observed against ceftazidime, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, and meropenem. Four Salmonella spp. and one E. coli O157:H7 isolate with a total of 5/31 (16.1%) isolates were confirmed as the ESBL producers. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was detected in 23.1% of Salmonella and 20.0% of E. coli O157:H7. Hygienic and handling practices of vendors were poor, which could contribute to contamination of vegetables and fruits in the area. Conclusions Contamination of fresh salad vegetables with pathogenic bacteria could be a food safety concern in the study area. Hence, this finding suggests the need for attention by the concerned bodies to prevent the emergence and transmission of food-borne pathogens and antimicrobial-resistant strains through these food items in the study area. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c0960b47b4df46f1b01b26a582fbdc20 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2524-4655 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| series | One Health Outlook |
| spelling | doaj-art-c0960b47b4df46f1b01b26a582fbdc202025-02-02T12:42:18ZengBMCOne Health Outlook2524-46552025-02-01711910.1186/s42522-024-00125-5Detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella spps and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in Jimma town, Ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and handling practices of vendorsAhmed Zeynudin0Teshome Degefa1Tariku Belay2Jiru Batu Mumicha3Abdusemed Husen4Jafer Yasin5Abdulhakim Abamecha6Andreas Wieser7Mengistu Abayneh8School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma UniversitySchool of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma UniversitySchool of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma UniversityGumay Woreda Health OfficeDepartment of Oncology, Institute of Health, Jimma UniversityOda Hulle Primary HospitalSchool of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma UniversityDivision of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität (LMU) MunichSchool of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma UniversityAbstract Objectives Despite of the health benefits of consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, this product could be associated with food-borne bacterial pathogens, including infections with antibiotic-resistant strains especially in developing countries due to limited in knowledge, and hygienic practices. This study was conducted to provide evidence data on the rates of Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 contamination, the antimicrobial resistance profile, and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains in fresh vegetables and fruits sold in open-air markets at Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia. In addition, this study provided data on the hygiene and handling practices of vendors, which can help as impute to improve food safety and safeguard public health. A total of 242 salad samples were collected from three different kebeles and examined for the presence of Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 in the microbiology laboratory of Jimma University by using conventional microbiological techniques. Results Out of 242 samples tested, 12.8% (31/242) were contaminated with Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157. Of these, Salmonella spp. was detected in 10.7% (26/242) of the tested samples, whereas Escherichia coli O157:H7 was found in 2.1% (5/242) of samples. Fifty-three-point-8% of Salmonella spp. were resistant to ampicillin, 42.3% to co-trimoxazole, 46.2% to tetracycline, and 26.9% resistance was observed against each of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. 40% of E. coli O157:H7 isolates were resistant against ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and co-trimoxazole. Only one isolate was resistant to ceftriaxone and cefotaxime, and no resistance was observed against ceftazidime, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, and meropenem. Four Salmonella spp. and one E. coli O157:H7 isolate with a total of 5/31 (16.1%) isolates were confirmed as the ESBL producers. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was detected in 23.1% of Salmonella and 20.0% of E. coli O157:H7. Hygienic and handling practices of vendors were poor, which could contribute to contamination of vegetables and fruits in the area. Conclusions Contamination of fresh salad vegetables with pathogenic bacteria could be a food safety concern in the study area. Hence, this finding suggests the need for attention by the concerned bodies to prevent the emergence and transmission of food-borne pathogens and antimicrobial-resistant strains through these food items in the study area.https://doi.org/10.1186/s42522-024-00125-5Vegetables and fruitsPathogenic bacteriaESBL producersAntibiotic resistanceStreet vendors |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed Zeynudin Teshome Degefa Tariku Belay Jiru Batu Mumicha Abdusemed Husen Jafer Yasin Abdulhakim Abamecha Andreas Wieser Mengistu Abayneh Detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella spps and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in Jimma town, Ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and handling practices of vendors One Health Outlook Vegetables and fruits Pathogenic bacteria ESBL producers Antibiotic resistance Street vendors |
| title | Detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella spps and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in Jimma town, Ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and handling practices of vendors |
| title_full | Detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella spps and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in Jimma town, Ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and handling practices of vendors |
| title_fullStr | Detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella spps and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in Jimma town, Ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and handling practices of vendors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella spps and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in Jimma town, Ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and handling practices of vendors |
| title_short | Detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella spps and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in Jimma town, Ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and handling practices of vendors |
| title_sort | detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended spectrum beta lactamase esbl producing salmonella spps and escherichia coli o157 h7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in jimma town ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and handling practices of vendors |
| topic | Vegetables and fruits Pathogenic bacteria ESBL producers Antibiotic resistance Street vendors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s42522-024-00125-5 |
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