Cardiac Tamponade as the Initial Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report with Review of the Literature
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex disease with a variety of presentations. A large pericardial effusion is rare, occurring in less than 0.5% of all patients with AML prior to treatment. A 34-year-old male presented with dyspnea, malaise, and weight loss. On physical exam, he was noted to be...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Case Reports in Oncological Medicine |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8201917 |
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| author | Dillon Karmo Adam Hafeez Alexandra Halalau Siddhartha Yadav |
| author_facet | Dillon Karmo Adam Hafeez Alexandra Halalau Siddhartha Yadav |
| author_sort | Dillon Karmo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex disease with a variety of presentations. A large pericardial effusion is rare, occurring in less than 0.5% of all patients with AML prior to treatment. A 34-year-old male presented with dyspnea, malaise, and weight loss. On physical exam, he was noted to be hypoxic, tachypneic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. He had cervical lymphadenopathy and jugular venous distention. His WBC count was 110 bil/L with 33% blasts. Bone marrow biopsy confirmed AML with 60% blasts. Leukemic cells were also seen in the cerebrospinal fluid on lumbar puncture. An echocardiogram revealed a large pericardial effusion causing tamponade. He underwent emergent pericardiocentesis, and malignant cells were present in the pericardial fluid. Induction therapy with standard dose cytarabine and daunorubicin was initiated, and bone marrow biopsy 14 days later showed no residual AML. This case demonstrates the importance of a thorough evaluation of each organ system when caring for a patient with AML. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c0582729828e4282b79363b3ec9f2377 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-6706 2090-6714 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Reports in Oncological Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-c0582729828e4282b79363b3ec9f23772025-02-03T06:14:14ZengWileyCase Reports in Oncological Medicine2090-67062090-67142018-01-01201810.1155/2018/82019178201917Cardiac Tamponade as the Initial Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report with Review of the LiteratureDillon Karmo0Adam Hafeez1Alexandra Halalau2Siddhartha Yadav3Department of Internal Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USADepartment of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USAAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex disease with a variety of presentations. A large pericardial effusion is rare, occurring in less than 0.5% of all patients with AML prior to treatment. A 34-year-old male presented with dyspnea, malaise, and weight loss. On physical exam, he was noted to be hypoxic, tachypneic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. He had cervical lymphadenopathy and jugular venous distention. His WBC count was 110 bil/L with 33% blasts. Bone marrow biopsy confirmed AML with 60% blasts. Leukemic cells were also seen in the cerebrospinal fluid on lumbar puncture. An echocardiogram revealed a large pericardial effusion causing tamponade. He underwent emergent pericardiocentesis, and malignant cells were present in the pericardial fluid. Induction therapy with standard dose cytarabine and daunorubicin was initiated, and bone marrow biopsy 14 days later showed no residual AML. This case demonstrates the importance of a thorough evaluation of each organ system when caring for a patient with AML.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8201917 |
| spellingShingle | Dillon Karmo Adam Hafeez Alexandra Halalau Siddhartha Yadav Cardiac Tamponade as the Initial Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report with Review of the Literature Case Reports in Oncological Medicine |
| title | Cardiac Tamponade as the Initial Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report with Review of the Literature |
| title_full | Cardiac Tamponade as the Initial Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report with Review of the Literature |
| title_fullStr | Cardiac Tamponade as the Initial Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report with Review of the Literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiac Tamponade as the Initial Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report with Review of the Literature |
| title_short | Cardiac Tamponade as the Initial Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report with Review of the Literature |
| title_sort | cardiac tamponade as the initial presentation of acute myeloid leukemia a case report with review of the literature |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8201917 |
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