Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes Following Repeated Naringenin Exposure in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats
<b>Background</b>: Systemic arterial hypertension is one of the leading global health concerns, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular and kidney diseases, including nephrolithiasis. The treatment, still far from ideal, is constantly undergoing new alternatives. In this cont...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Anelize Dada Rita de Cássia Vilhena da Silva Mariana Zanovello Anelise Felício Macarini Thaise Boeing Valdir Cechinel Filho Priscila de Souza |
| author_facet | Anelize Dada Rita de Cássia Vilhena da Silva Mariana Zanovello Anelise Felício Macarini Thaise Boeing Valdir Cechinel Filho Priscila de Souza |
| author_sort | Anelize Dada |
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| description | <b>Background</b>: Systemic arterial hypertension is one of the leading global health concerns, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular and kidney diseases, including nephrolithiasis. The treatment, still far from ideal, is constantly undergoing new alternatives. In this context, medicinal plants rich in flavonoids, such as naringenin—a compound found in citrus fruits—have gained attention for their potential diuretic, nephroprotective, and blood pressure-lowering effects. <b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of naringenin (100 mg/kg, orally) over nine days on blood pressure, renal function, and calcium oxalate crystal formation in normotensive Wistar (NTR) and spontaneously hypertensive male rats (SHR). <b>Methods</b>: Key assessments included blood pressure and heart rate measurements in vivo, urine volume and electrolyte excretion in vivo, in vitro calcium oxalate crystallization, and in silico molecular docking analyses to investigate molecular interactions. <b>Results</b>: Naringenin treatment significantly reduced blood pressure and increased diuresis in both NTR and SHR groups, while a notable natriuretic effect was observed specifically in NTR. In vitro, naringenin reduced the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in urines from NTR. Molecular docking studies suggested that these effects may be mediated by interactions with SGLT1 and SGLT2 transporters, potentially explaining the diuretic and natriuretic outcomes. Additionally, interactions with MMP-9 and β2-adrenergic receptors may contribute to the reduction in crystal formation. <b>Conclusions</b>: Collectively, these findings indicate that repeated administration of naringenin exerts beneficial effects on both cardiovascular and renal parameters, and point to promising molecular targets that may underlie its protective actions. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj-art-c0291b7b4faa4e558bfe50ab4504e5872025-08-20T03:27:25ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472025-06-0118687310.3390/ph18060873Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes Following Repeated Naringenin Exposure in Normotensive and Hypertensive RatsAnelize Dada0Rita de Cássia Vilhena da Silva1Mariana Zanovello2Anelise Felício Macarini3Thaise Boeing4Valdir Cechinel Filho5Priscila de Souza6Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali), Itajaí 88302-901, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali), Itajaí 88302-901, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali), Itajaí 88302-901, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali), Itajaí 88302-901, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali), Itajaí 88302-901, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali), Itajaí 88302-901, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali), Itajaí 88302-901, Brazil<b>Background</b>: Systemic arterial hypertension is one of the leading global health concerns, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular and kidney diseases, including nephrolithiasis. The treatment, still far from ideal, is constantly undergoing new alternatives. In this context, medicinal plants rich in flavonoids, such as naringenin—a compound found in citrus fruits—have gained attention for their potential diuretic, nephroprotective, and blood pressure-lowering effects. <b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of naringenin (100 mg/kg, orally) over nine days on blood pressure, renal function, and calcium oxalate crystal formation in normotensive Wistar (NTR) and spontaneously hypertensive male rats (SHR). <b>Methods</b>: Key assessments included blood pressure and heart rate measurements in vivo, urine volume and electrolyte excretion in vivo, in vitro calcium oxalate crystallization, and in silico molecular docking analyses to investigate molecular interactions. <b>Results</b>: Naringenin treatment significantly reduced blood pressure and increased diuresis in both NTR and SHR groups, while a notable natriuretic effect was observed specifically in NTR. In vitro, naringenin reduced the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in urines from NTR. Molecular docking studies suggested that these effects may be mediated by interactions with SGLT1 and SGLT2 transporters, potentially explaining the diuretic and natriuretic outcomes. Additionally, interactions with MMP-9 and β2-adrenergic receptors may contribute to the reduction in crystal formation. <b>Conclusions</b>: Collectively, these findings indicate that repeated administration of naringenin exerts beneficial effects on both cardiovascular and renal parameters, and point to promising molecular targets that may underlie its protective actions.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/6/873naringeninhypertensionrenal functionurolithiasisblood pressurecalcium oxalate |
| spellingShingle | Anelize Dada Rita de Cássia Vilhena da Silva Mariana Zanovello Anelise Felício Macarini Thaise Boeing Valdir Cechinel Filho Priscila de Souza Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes Following Repeated Naringenin Exposure in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats Pharmaceuticals naringenin hypertension renal function urolithiasis blood pressure calcium oxalate |
| title | Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes Following Repeated Naringenin Exposure in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats |
| title_full | Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes Following Repeated Naringenin Exposure in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes Following Repeated Naringenin Exposure in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes Following Repeated Naringenin Exposure in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats |
| title_short | Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes Following Repeated Naringenin Exposure in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats |
| title_sort | cardiovascular and renal outcomes following repeated naringenin exposure in normotensive and hypertensive rats |
| topic | naringenin hypertension renal function urolithiasis blood pressure calcium oxalate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/6/873 |
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