Serum IL-1<mml:math alttext="$eta $"> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:math>, IL-2, and IL-6 in Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Children
<p>Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease characterized by T-cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing <mml:math alttext="$eta $"> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:math> cells in the...
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| Format: | Article |
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| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2006-01-01
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| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://www.hindawi.com/GetArticle.aspx?doi=10.1155/MI/2006/59206 |
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| Summary: | <p>Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease characterized by T-cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing <mml:math alttext="$eta $"> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:math> cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, resulting in an absolute lack of insulin. T cells are activated in response to islet-dominant autoantigens, the result being the development of IDDM. Insulin is one of the islet autoantigens responsible for the activation of T-lymphocyte functions, inflammatory cytokine production, and development of IDDM. The aim of this study was to investigate serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1<mml:math alttext="$eta $"> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:math>, IL-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-<mml:math alttext="$alpha $"> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:math> in children IDDM. The study population consisted of 27 children with IDDM and 25 healthy controls. Children with IDDM were divided into three subgroups: (1) previously diagnosed patients (long standing IDDM) (<mml:math alttext="$n : 15$"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>:</mml:mo> <mml:mn>15</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math>), (2) newly diagnosed patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (before treatment) (<mml:math alttext="$n : 12$"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>:</mml:mo> <mml:mn>12</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math>), and (3) newly diagnosed patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (after treatment for two weeks) (<mml:math alttext="$n : 12$"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>:</mml:mo> <mml:mn>12</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math>). In all stages of diabetes higher levels of IL-1<mml:math alttext="$eta $"> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:math> and TNF-<mml:math alttext="$alpha $"> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:math> and lower levels of IL-2 and IL-6 were detected. Our data about elevated serum IL-1<mml:math alttext="$eta $"> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:math>, TNF-<mml:math alttext="$alpha $"> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:math> and decreased IL-2, IL-6 levels in newly diagnosed IDDM patients in comparison with longer standing cases supports an activation of systemic inflammatory process during early phases of IDDM which may be indicative of an ongoing <mml:math alttext="$eta $"> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:math>-cell destruction. Persistence of significant difference between the cases with IDDM monitored for a long time and controls in terms of IL-1<mml:math alttext="$eta $"> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:math>, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-<mml:math alttext="$alpha $"> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:math> supports continuous activation during the late stages of diabetes.</p> |
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| ISSN: | 0962-9351 |